Full transcript
0:00hello everyone so today we'll be
0:01discussing the components of the
0:03respiratory system and just a quick
0:05review remember when we talk about
0:07systems those systems start in the
0:10cellular form everything starts as a
0:13cell joins together with other cells
0:15becomes tissue those tissue form become
0:19an organ the organs such as what we have
0:21here in today's list become part of a
0:24system and in today's system we'll be
0:26discussing the respiratory so the
0:29respiratory system consists of the nose
0:31the fairness the larynx the trachea the
0:34bronchial tree as well as the lungs
0:36starting with the nose the nose is made
0:39of Bones cartilage and skin inside the
0:42nose you have hair but those hairs are
0:45actually called Celia and the whole
0:47purpose of Celia is to help with
0:50preventing bacteria from entering into
0:52the respiratory tract upper respiratory
0:55tract I.E the lungs
0:57you also have a pharynx which is located
0:59in the back of the throat now the
1:01pharynx is interesting because it's part
1:03of two systems so you'll hear me
1:05reference the pharynx in relationship to
1:08breathing in the respiratory system and
1:10as well as part of the digestive system
1:12the larynx also known as your voice box
1:16your larynx is responsible for the tone
1:19of your voice as we go through aging and
1:23our body starts to develop uh part of
1:25that involves the change in the voice
1:27you notice this more in our young males
1:30and what's happening is the tissue in
1:32the larynx is starting to thicken which
1:34allows for the voice to have more Bass
1:36to it whereas for our females think
1:39Mariah Carey think our our singers that
1:42can hit those really super high notes
1:44what's happening with them is they're
1:46able to thin out the tissue within the
1:49larynx and that allows for the higher
1:51pitch within the tone uh we have the the
1:54term laryngitis which is inflammation
1:57the larynx and when that occurs uh the
2:00voice box is completely affected so as
2:02we know we have no voice there
2:04now also with the larynx you will find
2:07the epiglottis and the epiglottis is a
2:10flap that is inside the throat that is
2:12involuntarily working in our favor what
2:15it does is it lifts and it closes and it
2:18controls the contents that's flowing
2:20through the trachea or the esophagus so
2:23every now and again if you've ever had
2:24something to drink and you've kind of
2:26thrown it back up what has happened is
2:29that flap Has Lifted uncontrollably and
2:32then it might have closed too quickly
2:33causing you to choke on something as
2:35simple as water that is the epiglottis
2:38that's responsible for that moving down
2:40in the respiratory system we're now in
2:42the trachea and the trachea is What's
2:46called the main Airway it does extend
2:49from the larynx and the branches into
2:51what's called bronchi bronchi as well as
2:55the trachea also lined with cilia those
2:58small tiny hairs to again filter out
3:01bacteria from the upper respiratory
3:03tract down into the lungs the lungs are
3:06going to be the hardest working part of
3:09the respiratory system lots of
3:11components there in the lungs and so
3:13here you have your bronchi your alveoli
3:16and blood vessels notice in the picture
3:19here that the right lung is larger than
3:22the left and really what that is is that
3:25the left lung is allowing space to
3:27accommodate for the heart the heart sits
3:30slightly to the left of the body
3:32surrounding the lungs is a membrane
3:35that's called pleura
3:36inside there's also fluid that allows
3:40for the uh the lack of friction that
3:42would occur every time we inhale and
3:45exhale
3:46so as a review when we talked about our
3:48Vital Signs remember in the respiratory
3:50system we actually acquire one's
3:53respiratory rate an average respiratory
3:56rate would be anywhere from 12 to 20
3:58inhalations and exhalations in one
4:00minute what we're doing is we're
4:03monitoring just that we're monitoring
4:04the work that's happening within the
4:06bronchi and happening within the lungs
4:09so with the bronchi you've got two large
4:11tubes that carry air from the windpipe
4:14to the lungs and then your alveoli even
4:17harder working
4:19um they're considered air sacs they
4:21resemble grape-like structures they're
4:23on the end of the bronchi on the tube on
4:26the end of the tubes here and what they
4:28do is they expand and contract as we're
4:31taking in air and expelling so air sacs
4:34where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange
4:37now here's just a bigger picture of the
4:40respiratory system and you can see all
4:42the way from the nasal cavity down
4:45there's the alveoli that grape-like
4:47structure that allows for the expansion
4:49and contraction that will allow for the
4:51airway to expand to uh bring air through
4:55and when these become restricted that's
4:58when we're looking at upper respiratory
5:00infections asthma those sorts of things
5:02there's a restriction within the alveoli
5:05so we have bronchodilators that
5:08medication that patients can take and
5:11with that that allows for the dilation
5:12of the bronchials as well as the alveoli
5:15to allow for that air exchange that
5:17needs to occur
5:18so we do have certain things that could
5:21alter a typical breathing pattern and
5:24that would be coughing speaking sneezing
5:27laughing yawning hiccups uh crying all
5:30of those things of course could change
5:32one's regular respiratory rate it's
5:36important to keep this in consideration
5:38when you are obtaining someone's
5:39respirations as to these could be
5:42factors that could cause their numbers
5:44to vary