Full transcript
0:00The nervous system is probably one of
0:02the most complicated systems that we
0:04have. And I shouldn't use the term
0:06complicated, I'll say complex because
0:08it's very much responsible for this term
0:11here that's in red, homeostasis.
0:15So if you recall homeostasis, I already
0:17warned you that this is a term that
0:18we're going to talk about a lot. And
0:21it's important to understand that
0:23everyone's level of homeostasis will
0:25vary. It is your body's way of creating
0:29balance and it's creating balance within
0:32all of your body systems trying to do it
0:35all at the same time. Your nervous
0:37system does control all of the other
0:39body systems and it starts with the
0:42brain. So in looking at structures of
0:45the nervous system, we'll start with the
0:47brain and its four components here. Uh
0:50it is divided into parts. So you have
0:53the frontal lobe which is in the front
0:55portion of the brain. Parietal working
0:58its way back.
1:00Occipital all the way in the rear of the
1:03brain. And then temporal is located on
1:06the sides. You have a division of a
1:09right and left hemisphere. And the brain
1:12has a huge responsibility in
1:14coordinating almost everything your body
1:17does. Those voluntary and involuntary
1:20movements that we talk about in all the
1:22body systems well they start here within
1:25the nervous system. It controls center
1:27for the body. It controls thought,
1:29emotion and judgment. Uh and the largest
1:32part of the brain is called the cerebra.
1:35Now in structures of the brain also here
1:38in this slide it shows you different
1:41components of the brain and what they're
1:43responsible for. So if you're looking at
1:46this and thinking of the external
1:48structures, you can look at if the brain
1:50were to be affected here, let's just say
1:52in the frontal lobe, uh maybe we had
1:55some damage here, uh an aneurysm or a
1:58tumor of some sort. Depending on where
2:00it's located is going to determine what
2:02will be affected. So within the frontal
2:05lobe here, this controls motor control,
2:08problem solving, and speech production.
2:12So it wouldn't be um
2:16uncommon to think that if this portion
2:18of the brain were affected, we might see
2:21some levels of speech also affected.
2:25Parietal lobe controls touch, body
2:28orientation and sensory discrimination.
2:31Occipital lobe, working your way towards
2:33the back, that's where your sight is
2:36controlled. visual reception as well as
2:39visual interpretation. Taking insight
2:42and interpreting what it is that the uh
2:45vision has taken in that happens in the
2:48occipital lobe on the side. This is your
2:51memory temporal your memory your
2:54language comprehension and auditory
2:56processing and all the way down to the
2:58cerebellum. Uh that's going to be your
3:01balance and coordination. And the brain
3:04stem even has work to do. It is
3:06responsible for those involuntary
3:09responses that I've mentioned before.
3:11So, the brain is an amazing structure
3:13that has a ton of responsibility. Uh,
3:17and even the slightest injury could
3:19cause huge problems for someone. Also,
3:22part of the structure of the nervous
3:24system is the spinal cord. And notice
3:26the spinal cord starts at the base of
3:29the brain and works its way all the way
3:31down uh through what's called the lumbar
3:34vertebrae. The spinal cord does assist
3:37with what's called nerve impulses.
3:40And those nerve impulses are coming from
3:42the brain and also to the brain. So a
3:46lot of what we experience in touch and
3:49feeling is controlled throughout the
3:51spinal cord. On the end of the spinal
3:53cord, you have nerve roots and then
3:55extending out we have what's called
3:58peripheral nerves. Now the brain has its
4:01own protective cover. It's in three
4:04layers. So you have the dura matter,
4:07arachnoid matter, and the pia matter.
4:12All of which are layers composed of uh
4:16or layers that work their way out from
4:19the brain in order to be able to cover
4:21and protect the contents of the brain.
4:24Cerebral spinal fluid is also within
4:27these layers and it allows for the brain
4:31to float and hopefully protect the brain
4:34from injury.
4:36So the three layers along with the fluid
4:39all put in place to cover protect the
4:42brain as well as the spinal cord.