Full transcript
0:00now we have immune responses and
0:02acquired immunities and there are
0:04different ways that we can acquire
0:06immunities so for this first one here
0:09this is called naturally acquired active
0:12immunity and this is when a person is
0:15exposed to a live pathogen uh years ago
0:19they used to do what was called
0:21chickenpox parties we had chickenpox
0:24chickenpox was rampant in the area we
0:26did not have a vaccine for it and the
0:29best way for a child to get it the body
0:31to learn how to fight it was for the
0:34child to be exposed and so those
0:36chickenpox parties were where parents
0:38would have children who had chickenpox
0:41play with their children who had not had
0:43it just so that they were exposed to the
0:46pathogen and for more or less reasons to
0:49get it over with right now we have a
0:52vaccine for it but naturally acquired
0:54active immunity is when a bot a person
0:56is exposed to a live pathogen they
1:00develop the disease and when you develop
1:02the disease now your body becomes immune
1:05because it knows what to do it's been
1:08exposed so for these individuals who
1:11have had chickenpox before you've been
1:13exposed to it doesn't mean that you
1:17won't ever get Chickenpox again the
1:19chance is less likely than it would be
1:21if you had never been exposed before
1:23however because you have that naturally
1:26acquired active immunity your body's
1:29response the reaction that your body has
1:34to that pathogen would not be as severe
1:37had it been if you were never exposed to
1:41it so again your body is learning how to
1:43fight it it's able to reduce the
1:46discomfort and symptoms that you would
1:48experience because your memory cells or
1:51your B cells are making antibodies next
1:54one here is artificially acquired active
1:57immunity now artificially just the term
2:01artificial we know that this is going to
2:03be man-made so yes this would be an
2:06injection from a vaccination a little
2:08different from the chickenpox or from
2:11the flu some individuals have been
2:13exposed to the flu so many times that
2:16they don't even necessarily get the flu
2:17anymore because they have those b-cell
2:20memory cells now with artificial
2:23acquired active immunity another example
2:26for this would be the flu and so with
2:29the flu we go and we have our
2:31vaccination done once a year and our
2:34body artificially learns how to acquire
2:37active immunity it does that because we
2:40are given a component of the flu very
2:43similar to the flu so that our body can
2:46recognize it identify it and start to
2:49build up a defense against it and those
2:52are done within our B cells our memory
2:54cells so again if you're exposed to the
2:57flu and it's real life form your body
3:00will know what to do it will know how to
3:03respond how to prevent it from growing
3:05within your body and that's all because
3:07of the B cells uh the or the memory that
3:11your B cells have now here we have
3:13naturally acquired passive immunity and
3:16this is going to be passed along from
3:19mother to child the best part about
3:21naturally acquired passive immunity is
3:25the largest part of the antibodies are
3:28passed throughout the placenta and then
3:30even all the way up until after child is
3:33born if Mom chooses to breastfeed or not
3:36not going to be a big deal there but
3:38what we would like to see is that the
3:40bit of milk that is distributed at Birth
3:43it's called colostrum the colostrum
3:46should be shared with the baby because
3:48of the antibodies that it carries and
3:52those antibodies that are within the
3:54placenta or the antibodies are within
3:56that bit of colostrum are called
3:58naturally acquired or assist in what's
4:01called naturally acquired passive
4:04immunity then we have artificially
4:06acquired passive immunity and with this
4:10uh these are going to be our monoclonal
4:13antibodies so patient injected with
4:15antibodies by injection or infusion made
4:19by someone else so if we think back to
4:22covid-19 not everyone had been exposed
4:25to it not everyone had had it and so
4:28what they decided to do because remember
4:30we were you know at odds on trying to
4:32find a cure uh what the scientists
4:34thought would be helpful is to take
4:36someone who has had Ovid 19 before or
4:41has been exposed to it and they took
4:44cells from them those cells had learned
4:47how to build what's called their own
4:49b-cell or receptor memory cells to learn
4:52how to fight covid for them so they took
4:55the cells from them and then made them
4:58in the artificial acquired passive
5:00immunity so that our body is almost
5:03fooled into believing that it's been
5:05exposed when it hasn't and so that
5:07artificial acquire passive immunity
5:09gives our body the opportunity to
5:12develop its own antibodies against
5:15something like covet 19. again doesn't
5:18mean that you will never get covet 9
5:20teen it just means that if you do come
5:23in contact with it your signs your
5:25symptoms would be significantly lower
5:28than what you would experience had you
5:30never been exposed or been immunized
5:33against it