Full transcript
0:00so looking into the structure of the
0:02endocrine system we know that it's all
0:04about glands and them releasing hormones
0:07starting at the top we're going to look
0:09at the pituitary gland the pituitary
0:11gland is known as the master gland of
0:14the endocrine system it is located in
0:17the brain and all of these things here
0:19in red are what it's responsible for
0:22secreting and regulating so the growth
0:26hormone the thyroid stimulating hormone
0:29otherwise known as a TSH the follicle
0:32stimulating hormone FSH
0:35is responsible for the growth of the OVA
0:38and the sperm you have LH luteinizing
0:42hormone stimulates ovulation and
0:45testosterone in males
0:47prolactin prolactin causes the breast to
0:51grow and make milk during pregnancy and
0:53after birth
0:54ADH antidiuretic hormone stimulates the
0:58reabsorption of Water by the kidneys and
1:00then the last one there is oxytocin
1:02which stimulates uterine contractions
1:05during labor and also assist in the
1:08release of breast milk all of that is
1:11controlled by the pituitary gland
1:13still in the brain you have a
1:15hypothalamus and the hypothalamus uh
1:18secretes what's called ADH which is an
1:21antidiuretic hormone this assists with
1:24reabsorption of the water that's within
1:26the kidneys as well as like the
1:29pituitary gland that oxytocin
1:32uh in the brain as well you have pineal
1:35gland and the pineal gland helps with
1:38your circadian rhythm how you sleep your
1:40puberty when puberty Begins for you your
1:44biological clock also assists with
1:48maintaining the level of melatonin that
1:50your body releases as well all of that
1:53control within the pineal gland pineal
1:56gland location here you can see is
1:58located towards the rear and as small as
2:00it is the responsibility is quite huge
2:03same thing with the hypothalamus moving
2:06down we're going into the thyroid gland
2:08and the thyroid gland in location here
2:11in the picture is at the base of the net
2:13just below What's called the Adam's
2:15apple located here
2:18and just a little bit of anatomy with
2:20the thyroid gland on the sides you have
2:22what's called parathyroid glands they
2:25also release their share of hormones as
2:27well
2:28and so as far as the thyroid gland it
2:30secretes T3 and T4 that assist with
2:34cellular metabolism individuals that
2:37suffer from hyperthyroidism or
2:39hypothyroidism has to do with their
2:42level of metabolism uh either way uh
2:46malproduction there of T3 and T4 is
2:49either going to cause a metabolism to be
2:51overactive or under active that is
2:54controlled through the thyroid
2:57also calcitonin is released and
2:59calcitonin increases bone calcium bone
3:03density
3:04now in those glands on the side while
3:07the thyroid gland releases calcitonin to
3:10help with bone density the parathyroid
3:12hormone regulates the amount of calcium
3:15that is distributed throughout the body
3:18moving down towards the chest area here
3:20you have the thymus
3:22the thymus is located posterior so rear
3:26to the sternum behind the sternum
3:28it secretes the hormone thymosin and
3:32thymosin helps with the development of
3:34the cells in the immune system remember
3:37with the thymus it only has a purpose up
3:40until about adolescence once a child
3:43reaches adolescence or puberty the
3:45thymus kind of falls off and the job
3:47that it has because the immunity is then
3:49built for that person
3:51so that would be the thymus located
3:53posterior to the sternum moving downward
3:57you're going into the pancreas pancreas
4:00is located behind the stomach and in
4:02front of the spine now the pancreas has
4:05both functions of endocrine and exocrine
4:07so this means that it releases hormones
4:10directly to target cells and also
4:13releases hormones directly into the
4:15bloodstream what it secretes is called
4:18glucagon and glucagon is responsible for
4:21increasing one's level of blood sugar
4:25also releases insulin insulin lowers
4:29blood sugar
4:30so essentially when you look at the
4:32pancreas as a whole and the hormones it
4:34releases it is solely responsible for
4:37the regulation of glucose in the
4:41bloodstream now moving down even further
4:44going into the kidneys on top of the
4:46kidneys you have what's called adrenal
4:48glands you have adrenal glands located
4:50on the top of both kidneys and the
4:53kidneys the adrenal glands have a huge
4:56responsibility as well so they prolong
5:00stress inhibits the body's immune system
5:02response by secreting what's called
5:05cortisol
5:06so a lot of how we respond to stress is
5:10controlled through the adrenal glands
5:11it's called your fight or flight
5:13response
5:14so the adrenal glands secrete
5:16aldosterone
5:17which regulates electrolytes and fluid
5:20volume cortisol regulates the
5:23carbohydrates
5:25epinephrine that's going to be our fight
5:27or flight response again how your body
5:29responds to stress
5:31and then Nora epinephrine does the
5:34opposite it's going to regulate how your
5:36body responds to stress but how quickly
5:39it recovers from the stress that it's
5:41encountered all of this done within the
5:43adrenal glands finishing up with the
5:46male and female reproductive system in
5:49the ovaries for our females we know that
5:51these are secondary sex characteristics
5:54and so what is released in the female is
5:56the hormone estrogen and estrogen is
5:59what gives the female those secondary
6:02sex characteristics estrogen also
6:05regulates the start of the menstrual
6:07cycle as well as the end of the
6:08menstrual cycle and then also on the
6:11ovaries what is released is called
6:12progesterone for our females and
6:15progesterone is solely responsible for
6:17initiating the pregnancy preparedness
6:20response so getting the body ready to
6:22receive the baby and grow a baby in the
6:25mail we have the testes and within the
6:28testes they secrete testosterone
6:31testosterone is the the main male
6:34hormone
6:35and it is responsible for sperm
6:37production as well as all of the
6:40secondary sex characteristics we see in
6:42our males uh and then again those
6:44secondary sex characteristics are
6:46usually what we start to see throughout
6:48puberty uh so the body starts to change
6:51its shape a little bit uh the males grow
6:54in their size the female's hips start to
6:56widen to prepare for uh childbirth those
7:00would all be considered secondary sex
7:02characteristics