Full transcript
0:00Ayan. So hello grade 10. Welcome to our
0:03lesson on introduction to biotechnology.
0:07So move on na tayo sa ecosystem carrying
0:10capacity. So hopefully alam na natin
0:12yung mga terminologies doon. Alam na
0:15alam niyo na yung um concept about
0:17carrying capacity, population growth. So
0:21magpo-proceed na tayo ngayon sa
0:22panibagong concept. It's about
0:25biotechnology.
0:27I am Sir Wawi, your ever curious science
0:29buddy. Don't forget to like, share, and
0:32subscribe para lagi kayong updated sa
0:34mga susunod pa nating science lesson.
0:37Okay. So in this lesson, mga anak, we're
0:40going to discover how living organisms,
0:44like for example, cells and biological
0:47processes can be used or kung paano sila
0:50nagagamit to create useful products and
0:54to solve problems in our day-today
0:57activities. So biotechnology mga anak
0:59may sound very advanced. Parang
1:02bagong-bago talaga na word sa atin. But
1:04as we go through the lesson, okay?
1:07Malalaman natin na or you will realize
1:09that it is already part of our everyday
1:12lives. Okay? So parte na talaga siya ng
1:14ating pamumuhay ngayon. Okay. So for our
1:18learning competency, use information
1:21from secondary sources to identify the
1:23products of traditional biotechnology
1:26through fermentation like cheese, soy
1:29sauce, vinegar, nata de coco. And then
1:32for the second one, use information from
1:35secondary sources to identify examples
1:37of modern biotechnology such as
1:40genetically modified organisms and
1:43processes like for example invitro
1:46fertilization then participate in a
1:49class debate on the societal environment
1:51societal environmental and ethical
1:54implications of using biotechnological
1:58products and methods. Actually mga anak,
2:01itong lesson natin about biotechnology
2:04is nai in 4 weeks. So dito muna
2:07introintro muna tayo. So ang idi-discuss
2:09ko ngayong araw is yung basic muna about
2:12biotechnology. Then the following week
2:14we will discuss traditional
2:16biotechnology. Then the following week
2:18naman, modern biotechnology. Then the
2:21next week or iyung pinakahuling week for
2:23this topic is ethical implications of
2:26biotechnology. Ano? So kumbaga one at a
2:29time hindi natin sasabay-sabayin para
2:31naman manamnam at marami tayong
2:33matutunan. Okay? So for the learning
2:36objectives, so ito yung ating learning
2:39objectives by the end of our discussion
2:42or lesson dapat okay dapat nade-define
2:45na natin kung ano ba yung tinatawag na
2:47biotechnology. Okay. Second, explain how
2:50biotechnology has evolved. Paano yan
2:52nagbago. The third one, identify the
2:55major fields of biotechnology. And then
2:58the fourth one, describe applications of
3:00biotechnology. And then for the next
3:03one, recognize the importance of
3:05biotechnology in everyday life. So dito
3:08mga anak sa introduction to
3:09biotechnology, ide-define lang natin
3:12kung ano yung biotechnology and then
3:14konting pahapyw dun sa mga fields or
3:16major fields ng biotechnology and then
3:19the application itself ano. So para
3:21hindi tayo ma ah what do you call this?
3:23Ma ah kumbaga parang ma-overwhelm okay
3:28sa mga ideas. Isa-isa lang ano. Ayan. So
3:31are you ready? So let's start. So for
3:33essential questions, ayan iyung ating
3:36essential questions.
3:39Ano the first one, what is
3:40biotechnology? Ano po? How does
3:43biotechnology
3:44uh improve our lives and where do we
3:48encounter biotechnology everyday? So you
3:51have to keep this questions in your mind
3:53mga anak because dapat by the end of our
3:57discussion you should be able to answer
3:59all three questions using uh examples
4:02from our lesson. So tandaan ano ang
4:05dapat matutunan ano ba yung
4:07biotechnology at paano ba ito
4:09nakakatulong sa ating buhay at saang
4:11part ng buhay natin sila nakikita. Okay?
4:14Yung applications ng biotechnology.
4:18Okay. Next.
4:20Ayan. So for our motivation think about
4:23it. Okay? So everyday you use products
4:26made through biotechnology. So can you
4:28name some? So alam ko naman na you don't
4:31have any idea about this paano? So ah
4:35can you give an example of products na
4:37sa tingin niyo um example siya ng
4:40biotechnology? Let's see. Okay? So we
4:43have medicines. Okay? So medicines is
4:46one of the common of course examples of
4:48biotechnology like for example the
4:50production of insulin and antibiot
4:53antibiotics. So this examples uses
4:56biotechnology.
4:58um for it to be produced. Okay? And
5:00syempre there are lot of importance on
5:04medicine especially insulin. So saan ba
5:06ginagamit yung insulin mga anak? So ang
5:08insulin ginagamit ng mga matataas yung
5:11mga blood sugar like yung mga diabetic
5:13individuals and antibiotics ginagamit
5:15natin yan okay ba to fight infections
5:18and other um what do you call this ah
5:22diseases na dala ng mga microorganism.
5:25So yan ay mga product product ng ah
5:29biotechnology
5:31na hindi natin alam ay ito pala yung
5:33product ng biotechnology.
5:35Okay so sige. So before we continue
5:38let's unlock some of the vocabulary
5:41words related to biotechnology. Okay? So
5:43guess the icon based on the clues. So
5:46iyung nakikita natin sa icons, we have a
5:48microscope, okay, a DNA and then a
5:51plant. Okay. A plant is an example of uh
5:54living organism. So yung clue natin, the
5:57use of living organism to make useful
6:00products. Yung paggamit daw ng mga
6:02living organism para makagawa ng mga
6:06kapakipakinabang na products na
6:08makakatulong sa buhay ng tao. Ano? So
6:11ano yon? Correct. It's biotechnology.
6:14Okay? So sino nakatama? Ayan. So the
6:17second one we have. What about this one?
6:19Yung nakikita natin sa icon na yun
6:21parang may mga buntot, may mga filia,
6:24cilia and then talagang yan yung mga
6:26microscopic ano. So yung clue natin
6:29diyan a tiny living organisms that can
6:31only be seen through the use of or that
6:34can only be seen with the microscope.
6:36Ano kaya yan? Sinong pwedeng magsagot?
6:39Correct. It's microorganism.
6:42So sinong nakatama diyan?
6:43Microorganisms.
6:45Ayan. So next. Ayan. Ano naman yung
6:47ating next? So sabi diyan may mga
6:50naka-imback ano? May yogurt, may cheese.
6:54Okay? So ano kaya yan? So ang clue natin
6:57ay a process where ah microorganisms
7:01change substances into useful products.
7:04So ano yung sagot natin? Yung alam
7:07ninyo. Okay? Correct. It's fermentation.
7:10Ayan. So tandaan natin mga anak. uh
7:12fermentation is one of the important uh
7:15one of the most important traditional
7:17biotechnology kasi uh gumagamit sila ng
7:20mga microorganisms like 'yung yeast, ung
7:23bacteria para ma-transform or ma-convert
7:27yung isang materials into useful
7:29products. Okay? That people can use ano
7:32so including certain foods like yung mga
7:34beverages natin, mga inumin. So dito
7:37parang nagma-manipulate tayo ng mga
7:39organism. Gumagamit tayo ng mga organism
7:42para ma-convert 'yung isang uh material
7:45into useful products. Okay. Next, what
7:49about this one? Okay. You have a
7:50seizure, a DNA. Parang nag-edit tayo.
7:53Ano? So ano kaya 'yan? So 'yung clue
7:55natin, ano yung clue diyan? Ah, changing
7:58an organism's DNA to give it nutrates.
8:01No kaya yan changing an organism's DNA.
8:06So dito po correct it's genetic
8:10engineering. So it's a new word actually
8:12ano so changing organisms DNA. And we
8:15all know naman mga anak, grade 10 in
8:17your lower grade 7 lesson, you already
8:21know what DNA is. Dioxibonoclic acid or
8:23the blueprint of life. So kung ano iyung
8:25nakalagay sa DNA natin, yun yyung
8:27possible ma-express natin. and through
8:29genetic engineering. Okay? Gumagamit ang
8:33science ng gene editing, okay, or
8:36genetic engineering para i-outer yung
8:38isang DNA ng isang organism para syempre
8:41makagawa ng kapakipakinabang na mga
8:44produkto. Okay. Next, what about this
8:47one? A substance that helps protect the
8:50body from diseases. Okay. So ano kaya?
8:53So anong answer? Correct. vaccine. So or
8:57vaccine, sino nakakita na dito ng
8:59vaccine or nakapagpaturok na ng vaccine?
9:01So most of us naman nakapagpaturok na ng
9:03vaccine especially nung kay mga baby pa
9:05ano. So ano ba yung vaccine? So ang
9:08vaccine po natin it is used to help ano
9:10our immune system recognize and respond
9:13to specific diseases. So in
9:16biotechnology mga anak okay scientific
9:19methods can be used to develop and
9:20produce vaccines. Okay. Espally ah
9:23panlaban yan sa mga sakit. Okay.
9:26Panglaban sa mga ah viruses na na ano ng
9:31katawan natin. Ano po especially nung
9:33nung pandemic ano so napaka-trending
9:35yung word na trendy yung word na
9:38vaccine. Okay. So next what about this
9:41one? Okay. Using living organism to
9:43clean up pollution. Gumagamit daw ng mga
9:47living organism para okay malinis. Okay
9:50yung kapaligiran. So ano kaya ito? So
9:53it's correct. It's bioremediation. So
9:57ano yung tinatawag nating
9:58bioremediation?
10:00So dito sa bioremediation mga anak,
10:02living organism can help. Nakakatulong
10:05sila para i-breakdown or remove iyung
10:08mga pollutants from contaminated
10:10environments na instead gumamit tayo ng
10:12ibang technology nagiging natural iyung
10:15way natin kasi we use living organisms
10:18to clean up pollution. Okay. And of
10:21course uh by using my uh organisms, it
10:24can use to address environmental
10:26problems or solve uh environmental
10:29problems. Yan. So defining
10:31biotechnology. Unahin natin kung ano ba
10:34'yung tinatawag na biotechnology.
10:37Okay? So read each slide carefully and
10:39participate in the discussion. So what
10:42is biotechnology?
10:44Okay. So what is biotechnology? So in
10:46the screen biotechnology is the use of
10:48living organisms, cells or biological
10:52processes to create useful products or
10:55solve problems. Okay? Yun po yung ating
10:58ah pinaka-definition
11:00ng biotechnology. Okay? Paggamit daw ng
11:03mga living organism para maka-create ng
11:06useful product. So in simple terms,
11:09iyung biotechnology natin, okay, it uses
11:12living organisms to improve our lives,
11:15okay, to improve our lives. So when you
11:18hear the word biotechnology, mga anak,
11:20remember those two big ideas. Okay.
11:24Tandaan natin 'ag narinig natin 'yung
11:25word na biotechnology, dapat ito lang
11:28'yung maaalala natin, living system and
11:31useful purposes. Okay? Kasi ito'y
11:34paggamit ng mga living organism para
11:37maka-create ng ah aayos na produkto na
11:41pwedeng pakinabangan ng tao. Baka may
11:43mag-isip yung iba mag-isip na bata na,
11:46"Sir, hindi pa hindi ba yan abuse sa
11:48ibang organism?" Hindi naman mga anak.
11:51Hindi naman 'yun abuse kasi meron naman
11:53tayong ethical, okay, or proper uses
11:56especially sa mga living organism. We
11:59all respect living organism, okay? Sa
12:02science, okay? So dito naman gumagamit
12:05lang tayo hindi natin para sila ay
12:07patayin kasi yung paggamit naman natin
12:09sa kanila is part din ng kanilang ah
12:12what do you call cycle of life. Okay?
12:15Next, biotechnology uses living things
12:17to improve our lives. Okay? Tandaan lang
12:19natin yung biotechnology is paggamit daw
12:22ng mga living organism. Okay? It could
12:25be a living organism itself. their cell.
12:29Okay? Pwedeng cell or a biological
12:32processes. Ano? Ayan. So, breaking down
12:35the word. Let's break down the word
12:37biotechnology.
12:38Bioplast technology. So pag sinabi natin
12:41mga anak na bio it means life okay it
12:44means life ba okay or living things.
12:47While technology ang ibig sabihin na
12:50yan, tools, methods or techniques used
12:53to solve problems. Okay? Technology
12:55refers to tools. Ayan, mga methods. So,
12:59put them together. I-combine natin iyung
13:02bio atechnology. Biotechnology involves
13:05using living organism and biological
13:09processes to make useful products to
13:13improve human life. Okay? So yun po yung
13:16pinaka definition ng biotechnology.
13:19Paggamit ng mga organism, okay? Para
13:23maka-create ng mga useful products na
13:27pwedeng pakinabangan ng tao. Okay? So
13:30biotechnology means using. Ano nga po
13:32ang ginagamit? Gumagamit ng living
13:35things and biological processes to make
13:38useful products or improve human life.
13:41Ayan. So what does biotechnology use?
13:44Ano yung mga ginagamit na mga living
13:46organism? So ito na tayo mga anak. Ito
13:48yung mga karaniwang ginagamit na mga
13:51organism sa biotechnology. Microorganism
13:54okay and we have different examples of
13:56microorganisms like bacteria. So in
13:59biotechnology gumagamit tayo ng bacteria
14:01like for example lactobacilus, yeast,
14:05okay, fungjai. Okay? So yan mga
14:07ginagamit natin karaniwan ng mga living
14:09things. Okay? Para makagawa ng mga
14:12kapakipakinabang na produkto. Next,
14:17plants. Gumagamit din tayo ng plants.
14:19Okay? Samples. So yan yung mga ginagamit
14:23na example ng mga living organism na
14:25ginagamit sa biotechnology. Another we
14:29also animals. Pwede rin ang animals.
14:32Okay. Gumagamit din tayo ng animals sa
14:34pag ah gawa ng mga kapakipakinabang na
14:38produkto. Okay? But with guide, guided
14:41dapat ang science nung mga rules. Hindi
14:44tayo dapat lumampas. Okay? Kasi meron
14:46tayong mga ah ethical okay, ethical
14:49rules na sinusunod. Okay. Next, cells
14:53and DNA. So sa biotechnology, gumagamit
14:55din tayo ng mga cells and even DNA para
14:59makagawa ng mga kapakipakinabang na
15:02produkto. And mostly itong Cell and DNA
15:04ginagamit lang ito sa modern
15:06biotechnology ano. Okay. Next. So
15:09biotechnology around us, ito yung mga
15:11product naman na nakikita na natin sa
15:15araw-araw pero hindi natin alam na ay
15:18produkto pala ito ng biotechnology. And
15:20then we will try to find out anong mga
15:23living organism 'yung ginagamit sa
15:25kanila. Okay? Para mapakinabangan natin
15:27ano. So una bread tinapay. Okay? So
15:31kumakain ba kayo ng tinapay? Ayan. So
15:33mostly naman siguro kumakain sa atin
15:35ano. So sa bread meron tayong
15:38microorganism na ginagamit diyan. Yung
15:40tinatawag nating yeast. Okay? So yung
15:43yeast mga anak it ferments sugar.
15:47pineferment nung yeast yung sugar and
15:49releases carbon dioxide making the bread
15:53to rise kaya umaalsa yung tinapay is
15:56because of this kind of
16:00microorganorganism.
16:01Napakaastigan no? So talagang ang tao
16:04napakatalino. Nagawa nila talaga nito ng
16:07pag-aaral. Okay? Na gamitin yung isang
16:10organism para mapakinabangan natin yung
16:12isang bagay. Ano another thing? We have
16:15yogurt. Okay. So sino dito yung nakainom
16:19na ng yogurt or nakatikim? Rather
16:22nakatikim. Okay. Nakatikim ako kasi ang
16:24yogurt na ang yogurt ko hinahalo ko
16:27minsan sa aking mga night ah drinks
16:31especially doun sa mga pang
16:33anong tawag doun? Pangiwas pimples.
16:35Ayan. So sa yogurt, okay ano naman 'to?
16:39Anong ginagamit nating living organism
16:40dito? So this bacteria ferment milk.
16:44Okay? Pine-ferment ng bacteria iyung
16:47milk to produce yogurt. Okay? So anong
16:50type ng bacteria yung ginagamit para
16:52ma-ferment, okay, or ma-convert yyung
16:54milk into yogurt? Okay? So, ang
16:57ginagamit nating bacteria dito is lactic
16:59acid bacteria. Kasi ang thinking ng iba,
17:02ang thinking ng iba niluluto 'di ba
17:04'yung mga niluluto ganyan. Pero dito
17:06pala fini-ferment pala 'yung milk. Okay?
17:08Finiferment or ini-imback para
17:10ma-convert siya into yogurt 'di ba? At
17:13gumagamit tayo ng microorganism na
17:16tinatawag nating lactic acid bacteria or
17:18the lactobacilus. Okay? So dito examples
17:22siya ng biotechnology kasi gumamit ka ng
17:25ah living organism and tools or methods
17:28or the technology itself. So
17:31kapakipakinabang ba yung nagawa? Yes
17:33kapakipakinabang kasi napapakinabangan
17:35natin ang yogurt. Napakasarap. Okay.
17:38Next. What about cheese? Okay, ang
17:40cheese pala product day ng biotechnology
17:42mga anak. So paano ba ginagawa iyung
17:45cheese? Syempre it thank you sa mga
17:48bacteria. So this bacteria ferment milk
17:51and help to form cheese. Okay? So anong
17:53ginagamit naman natin na microorganism?
17:56Bacteria. So yung bacteria daw
17:58fini-ferment yung milk para
17:59makapag-produce ng cheese. Okay? Anong
18:02ah bacteria? Lactic acid bacteria. Okay.
18:06To be specific lactoococus or
18:08lactobacilus yung ginagamit. Okay? Sa
18:11pagperferment ng milk para maka-produce
18:13ng cheese. Okay? So sinong favorite dito
18:16ay cheese? Ayan. Kapakipakinabang yan
18:18kasi kung walang cheese, ay naku yung
18:20ibang mga pagkain paano natin mae-enjoy.
18:23Ano po? Biotechnology because it uses
18:26bacteria. living organism. Okay.
18:29Vaccines gumagamit. Ang vaccines din mga
18:31anak is produkto ng biotechnology. Okay?
18:34So because ano yung ginagamit nating
18:36organisms dito sa paggagawa ng vaccines?
18:39So this organisms are used to produce or
18:41develop vaccines that protect against
18:43diseases. Ito iyung mga organism na
18:45ginagamit natin to produce vaccines.
18:47Yung bacteria, yung yeast. Okay? Yan
18:50yung kraniwan naman eh. Karaniwan talaga
18:52na ginagamit sa pag-develop ng mga
18:54medicine. Bacteria. Okay, next. What
18:57about insulin? Okay, so produkto din to.
19:00So, some of you are familiar with the
19:02word insulin kasi especially kung meron
19:04kayo sa bahay na ah kamag-anak na
19:09diabetic or mataas yung blood sugar, ito
19:11talaga yung tine-take parang pababain
19:13yung blood sugar or kung kumbaga ibalik
19:15dooun sa pinaka basic level or normal
19:18level. Ano? So ang insulin gumagamit
19:20tayo dito ng ah mga organism para
19:23makapag-produce ng insulin. So they are
19:25engineered to produce human insulin.
19:27Sir, may insulin ba sa katawan natin?
19:29Yes, meron tayong mga anak, insulin sa
19:31katawan natin which is produced by
19:34pancreas. Pero syempre doun sa mga
19:36diabetic kasi na especially dun sa
19:38mataas ang blood sugar, medyo nagfe-fail
19:40na yun or hindi na sapat yung
19:42functioning nung ating pancreas. So
19:44kailangan nilang mag-intake ng insulin.
19:46So ang insulin mga anak is hindi
19:49basta-basta 'yan nakculture. So paano
19:52siya kinculture mga anak? Okay. So dati
19:55ang insulin mga anak is um what do you
19:58call this? Ang ginagamit nilang insulin
20:01para insulin sa tao is galing sa hayop.
20:04Okay. Pero syempre kung galing yan sa
20:07hayop na insulin, pag itinurik sa ating
20:09tao, nagkakaroon ng allergy. Okay?
20:12Allergy ang tao or other complications.
20:14Kaya nag-isip ang mga scientist na dapat
20:17ang iturok sa tao ay the human insulin
20:19din. So ang ginawa ng mga scientist,
20:22gumamit sila ng bacteria. So yung
20:25bacteria kasi mga anak ba ang bacteria
20:27they reproduce in an instant okay in
20:30just seconds or minutes kaya nilang
20:32mag-produce ng napakadami. So ang ginawa
20:34ng mga ah scientist especially yung
20:37bacteria na icherich colai yung ginawa
20:41nila nag-culture sila ng ichichia or
20:43ichirich colai at nilagay nila sa isang
20:47good condition okay na environment.
20:50Ngayon ang ginawa ng mga scientist
20:52inedit nila 'yung DNA. nung bacteria
20:55inedit nila. So nag-insert sila dun sa
20:58bacteria ng human insulin dun sa DNA. At
21:02alam naman natin ang bacteria pag
21:03nagreproduce
21:05okay genetically identical. So yung
21:08kanilang na-modify na bacteria na may
21:10carrier na insulin pag nag-reproduce yun
21:13yung mapo-produce na bacteria may
21:15insulin din. Okay na bitbit kasi ' ba
21:18genetically identical yung mapo-produce
21:20clone of the period. So kung yan ay
21:22mag-reproduce ng sobrang dami in a
21:24minute, makakapag-produce or mae-extract
21:26ng mga scientist lahat ng insulin doon
21:29sa bacteria. 'Di ba? Ang galing ng
21:31science. Napakagaling. Okay. So product
21:34yan okay ng biotechnology. Another okay
21:37so we have okay types of biotechnology
21:40the traditional and modern
21:42biotechnology. And though it's
21:44traditional napakahalaga pa din yan
21:45ngayon sa panahon natin. Okay? So
21:47tingnan natin 'yung mga sample lang.
21:49Ito'y bibigyan natin ng mas malawak na
21:52discussion sa mga next week or sa next
21:54week itong dalawang 'to pero pahapyawan
21:57natin. So traditional versus modern
21:59biotechnology. So pag sinabi nating
22:01traditional biotechnology mga anak,
22:03[sumisingasing] it uses natural or
22:05biological processes. Natural, okay?
22:08Iyung mga natural processes. For
22:09example, iyung bread making, cheese
22:13production, yogurt production. 'Yan ay
22:16mga example ng traditional
22:19biotechnology.
22:21Okay? So bakit kaya? Okay. This
22:23practices yang mga yan yung traditional
22:26traditional biotechnology is a practices
22:28na ah ginagamit na ng napakahabang
22:31panahon even long before okay sa ating
22:34mga ninunupa. So o yung ah dating mga
22:37tao gumagamit na talaga sila ng mga
22:39microorganism
22:40ah sa paggawa ng mga kapakipakinabang na
22:43produkto na hindi naman talaga nila alam
22:45na ay biotechnology yun yung
22:47fermentation, yung pagfer-ferment ng mga
22:49alak. Okay 'di ba? So gumagamit na din
22:52tayo noong unang panahon pa yan ginagawa
22:54na pero hindi na lang sila aware na it's
22:56biotechnology. Ano ngayon lang namang
23:00mga p-modern na coin natin yung word na
23:02biotechnology.
23:04Okay. So, next, what about this one?
23:07Okay. Modern proceed naman. Ano naman
23:09yyung mga modern biotechnology? Syempre
23:11agag modern ah it uses advanced science.
23:15It uses advanced technology to improve
23:17living organisms. Like for example, yung
23:19pinaka-known modern biotechnology is
23:21yung genetic engineering. Okay? So dito
23:24sa genetic engineering, ito yung one for
23:27me one of the breakthrough in science na
23:31maituturing ko. Okay. Kasi sa genetic
23:33engineering kasi mga anak, okay, dito na
23:35talaga ah may kakayahan na talaga ang
23:37science to edit or modified the DNA of a
23:41particular organism to produce useful
23:45products. Another vaccines. Okay? So
23:48kasi kung walang vaccines, naku,
23:49napakahirap especially kung may sakit or
23:52what do you call this? Um,
23:55dumating na ah what sakit. Okay? 'Di ba?
23:59Yung mga ganyan. So kung walang vaccine
24:01paano insulin production napakakailangan
24:04nito. Okay. So breakthrough talaga ito
24:07sa ating ah science. Okay. Next. Why is
24:11biotechnology important? Bakit
24:12napakahalaga niya sa ating pamumuhay?
24:15Ano ba yung kahalagahan ng
24:16biotechnology? So biotechnology helps
24:19make vaccines and medicines that prevent
24:21and treat diseases to improve health. So
24:25example nito yung COVID-19 vaccines,
24:28insulin for people with diabetes. Okay?
24:30To improve health. So dahil sa
24:32biotechnology na or nai-improve, okay,
24:37or nag ah what do you call this? Nag
24:41de-develop yung ating health care
24:44system. Okay. Next, what about this one?
24:46Increase food production. So
24:48biotechnology help farmers grow
24:50healthier and higher yielding crops. For
24:53example, pest resistant corn and golden
24:55rice. Ito yyung mga product ng genetic
24:58engineering mga anak. So increased food
24:59production. Bakit? Paano nakakatulong
25:02ang biotechnology? Kasi mga anak, um
25:06since sabi ko nga sa inyo, through
25:07genetic engineering, scientists can
25:10alter or modify the DNA of a particular
25:13organism. Doon pa lamang mga anak sa
25:15pest resistant corn. Okay ' ba? Pag
25:18sinabi nating peste resistant hindi
25:20agad-agad siya naaapektuhan ng mga
25:22peste. Okay? Kasi meron na talagang
25:24specialized ah specialized
25:28gene sa kanyang sa kanyang body na
25:31kayang ma-tolerate yung mga ganong ah
25:34peste. Okay? And merong ano dito eh
25:37merong mga anak na ah debate about sa
25:41pest resistant crops. Okay? Kasi mga
25:43anak ang target, ang target natin dito
25:46mga insekto. So yung mga insekto na
25:48dadapo or kakain nung mga particular
25:51part nung halaman is mamamatay. Okay. So
25:54pag namatay ang mga 'yan, mga peste na
25:56yan, hindi na sila ah dadami. So kung
25:59walang mga peste, tataas yung production
26:03or harvest ng mga farmers ba. Pero may
26:06debate doon kasi instead of killing ah
26:09particular insects, nadadamay dito yung
26:11mga pollinators like yung mga butterfly,
26:14mga bees. So possible madamay yung mga
26:16insekto na nakakatulong sa ecosystem. So
26:19may debate pa din diyan. Okay. And then
26:21yung golden rice. Okay. Which is one of
26:24the product of biotechnology na ginamit
26:27kasi ah nagamit din ito sa Pilipinas.
26:30Okay. Sa Pilipinas yung golden rice.
26:33Next. Why is biotechnology important?
26:36Protect the environment. Okay?
26:38Pinoprotektahan. So biotechnology uses
26:41living organisms to clean pollution and
26:43reduce waste. For example, gumagamit
26:45tayo ng mga bacteria to clean up oil
26:48spills, 'di ba? Okay? So napaka-astig.
26:51So instead na mano-mano natin, so
26:53gumagamit tayo ng natural way to clean
26:55the environment. Okay? Next, produce
26:58useful products. Okay? So, biotechnology
27:01is used to make many products we use
27:03everyday. For example, iyung bread,
27:05iyung yogurt, okay, and cheese na
27:08gumagamit ng mga living organism for it
27:10to be produced. Okay. Next. So remember
27:13biotechnology is the use of living
27:16organisms, cells or biological processes
27:19to develop useful products and improve
27:22human life. So merong keywords tayo.
27:25Living organisms is equal to useful
27:29products. May mga useful products, it
27:32can improve life. Okay. So sige. So for
27:36a quick check, which statement best
27:39defines biotechnology?
27:42Okay. Ano yung statement na nagde-define
27:45sa biotechnology diyan? Correct. Okay,
27:47using organisms for useful products.
27:52Okay, so sige, next for our activity
27:55number two, how biotechnology has
27:58evolved. Paano ba nagbago yung
28:00biotechnology from traditional to
28:04modern? So, magpo-pause muna ako kasi
28:06ang lakas ng ulan. Sorry.
28:11Okay, so let's move on the next
28:12activity. So dito natin titingnan
28:15biotechnology has evolved. So for the
28:18objective, so the objective is to
28:20explain ' ba to explain how
28:22biotechnology has evolved from
28:24traditional practices to modern
28:27biotechnology. So as we continue you
28:29have to pay attention okay to the
28:31timeline and identify what change a
28:34scientific knowledge develop. Okay.
28:37Sige. So, early biotechnology or ancient
28:39time? So, 'yung early ancient times
28:42natin is it is considered as traditional
28:44biotechnology. So, thousands of years
28:47ago, people used microorganisms without
28:50knowing they existed. Okay? Hindi nila
28:52alam nag-e-exist na talaga yyung mga
28:54organ microorganisms na iyon. ginagamit
28:56nila to create useful products ano like
28:58for example making bread okay ' ba
29:01making yogurt making cheese making
29:05vinegar okay so true fermentation so
29:08sigovery
29:10of microorganism so a new understanding
29:13so scientists discover that tiny living
29:15organisms cold microorganisms are
29:18responsible for fermentation so one of
29:21the microorganism which is commonly
29:25Okay, we have yeast to mix bread rice,
29:28bacteria produce yogurt and cheese. So
29:32this discovery help improve food
29:34production. Ayan. So through modern
29:37biotechnology naman tayo new era. Modern
29:41biotechnology uses scientific knowledge
29:43and technology to improve living
29:45organisms and develop new products. Like
29:48for example through genetic engineering
29:50they can produce
29:52products like vaccines, insulin. Okay?
29:55And then to improve crops production.
29:58Okay? So tingnan natin yung
29:59biotechnology through time. Ancient
30:01times. Ito yung ginagamit nila karaniwan
30:04application. Okay. Sa paggawa ng mga
30:06tinapay, cheese, yogurt in 1800s hindi
30:09yan na na-discover yung microorganisms.
30:12And you already learn this uh when you
30:15are in grade 7 about the discovery of
30:17microorganism by Antoin Vantin Hook. And
30:20then 1900s naman we have the vaccines na
30:23antibiotics. And then today we use
30:26genetic engineering, gene editing,
30:29improved medicines and to improve the
30:32crop production. So tingnan natin ano.
30:34So possible pa kaya na mag ah improve pa
30:37ang biotechnology through time? So who
30:40knows ano? So in 21 sa 2,100
30:45and after 300 years pa. Tingnan ano na
30:48kaya ang itsura nito no ng science? Okay
30:50so napakasayang isipin. Okay pero okay
30:55wala na tayo non. Okay so traditional
30:57versus modern biotechnology. So pag
30:59traditional biotechnology it uses
31:01natural processes. Kaya nga traditional
31:03like fermentation, ano yung mga product
31:06na napo-produce like pred, yogurt,
31:08cheese. Sa modern of course it they uses
31:10advanced science or technology like
31:13genetic genetic engineering to produce
31:16vaccines, insulins, or iyung mga
31:18genetically modified organisms. Okay. So
31:22why did biotechnology evolve? Bakit
31:24nagbago? So biotechnology evolve to
31:27syempre to improve human health para
31:30makagawa ng mga bagong gamot. Okay?
31:32Helps prevent prevent or to treat uncure
31:35diseases. Okay? Produce more food kasi
31:38dumadami ng dumadami iyung population,
31:40tumataas yung demand. Syempre kailangan
31:42natin ng mas madaming food. Okay? So
31:45develop scrups that yield more and
31:47resist and diseases. Protect the
31:49environment. Okay, talagang very
31:51polluted na tayo. So we have to make our
31:53way, okay, to help clean the pollution,
31:57conserve resources and restore
31:58ecosystem. And by doing this kind of
32:00things, we use microorganisms or living
32:03organisms. And it's biotechnology.
32:06create better products, produce safer,
32:09stronger, and more useful products to
32:12everyday life. So biotechnology
32:15continues to grow and improve our lives
32:17today and in the future. Okay? Sige. So
32:20remember, biotechnology has evolved from
32:23simple fermentation used by ancient
32:26civilizations to advance technology like
32:29what we are enjoying right now such as
32:30genetic engineering, vaccines and
32:33improved crafts. Okay. So for a quick
32:35check, which statement best describes
32:37the evolution of biotechnology?
32:39Okay, it's letter B ano from
32:41fermentation to gene or genetic
32:45engineering or gene engineering. Okay?
32:48So sige for activity number three, major
32:51fields of biotechnology. So ito iyung
32:53mga major fields of biotechnology at
32:55napakadaling tandaan naman ano. So first
32:58we have the red biotechnology. So pag
33:00sinabi nating red biotechnology,
33:02naka-focus iyan sa medical biotechnology
33:05at ang focus human health and medicine.
33:08Example yung mga ginagawa diyan
33:10vaccines, insulin, antibiotics, gene
33:13therapy and ang purpose to treat and
33:16prevent diseases.
33:18Next, green biotechnology o pa lang.
33:21It's it pertains to agricultural
33:23biotechnology. Ang focus na iyan
33:25agriculture and food production. Okay.
33:27At ang mga nagawa mga pest resistant
33:29crops, drought resistant plents, disease
33:33resistance crops, tissue culture at ang
33:35purpose purpose increase food production
33:39and improve crop quality. Okay. What
33:41about this one? White biotechnology.
33:44Okay. Ito naman ay for industrial
33:46biotechnology at ang focus nito ay sa
33:49industry and manufacturing. So for
33:51example, bread production. Okay ' ba? So
33:54nandito 'yung mga naka ang parents or
33:56kapatid nagtatrabaho sa mga ganito sa
33:58mga panidiya panaderya or sa mga bakery
34:01cheeseming biofuels
34:04enzymes for detergents. Okay so ang
34:07purpose to produce useful products
34:09efficiently. Okay next gray
34:12biotechnology. So dito naman sa gray
34:14biotechnology ang focus nito ay
34:16environmental biotechnology. So ang
34:19focus to protect the environment.
34:21Example nito 'yung bioremediation. 'Yung
34:23paggamit ng mga microorganism para maka
34:27malinis 'yung mga pollutant sa isang
34:30lugar. Waste water treatment, oil spill
34:34clean up and recycling organic waste.
34:37ang purpose to reduce pollution and
34:39protect nature. Okay? So why are these
34:42fields important? So each field helps to
34:46improve our life by keeping people
34:48healthy kasi nakaka-develop ng mga
34:50vaccines. Ito yung under ng medicine.
34:53Okay? Medicine ano? Okay? And then ah
34:57producing more food agricultural kasi
34:59nakaka-create ng maras maraming mga
35:03crops and livestock. making useful
35:05products. Ito naman ay sa industrial.
35:08Protect the environment. Ito naman ay
35:10for environment. Okay? Environmental.
35:13Ano? And then tandaan lang natin,
35:15biotechnology
35:16in every field makes our world a better
35:19place. Okay. Next. Quick check. Which
35:23field of biotechnology focus on
35:25improving crops? Red, green, white or
35:27gray biotechnology? Syempre it's
35:30correct. Green biotechnology. So for our
35:33formative assessment if let me see if
35:35you learn something what is
35:37biotechnology correct it's letter B ano
35:40the use of living organisms to make
35:42useful products which process is an
35:45example of traditional biotechnology
35:48correct fermentation
35:50okay which field of biotechnology
35:52focuses on improving crops and food
35:54production correct it's green
35:57biotechnology which of the following is
35:59an application of biotechnology in
36:01medicine
36:02bread making, oil spill cleanup, vaccine
36:04production or recycling organic waste.
36:06Correct, it's vaccine production. And
36:09then why is biotechnology important in
36:11everyday life? It only studies living
36:13organisms. It only produces laboratory
36:16equipment. It helps improve life or it
36:18is only used by scientists. Correct,
36:21it's letter CO. It helps improve life.
36:24Okay, so that's all for today and see
36:28you mga anak kasi sa na lesson
36:30magfo-focus tayo sa first type ng
36:33biotechnology yung ating traditional
36:36biotechnology. Thank you so much.