Full transcript
0:00in addition to the title-page abstract
0:02and references research papers in the
0:04hard sciences such as physics chemistry
0:06biology and medicine and most of the
0:09social sciences follow a structure that
0:11consists of four basic parts these are
0:13the introduction methods and materials
0:15results and discussion sections this
0:18manuscript formatting is the most
0:20commonly used by journals and academic
0:22bodies and these parts compose the core
0:25of your research paper indicating to
0:27readers where certain types of
0:28information can be found in providing a
0:31logical flow that mimics the basic
0:33structure of the scientific process here
0:35you see a diagram and breakdown of the
0:38parts of the research paper as indicated
0:40on this diagram the sections of the
0:42paper follow general rules about how
0:44information is presented moving from the
0:46general in the introduction to the more
0:49specific in the results and methods
0:51section and finally expanding in the
0:54discussion section in the introduction
0:56the question why did you do this study
0:58is asked next in the materials and
1:01methods you are asked to answer the
1:03question how did you do this study in
1:05the results you're requested to insert
1:09what you found in the study and finally
1:11in the discussion section you will
1:13discuss what this means what are the
1:14implications to this area of research
1:17looking in greater detail the
1:18introduction seeks to answer the
1:20question why did you conduct this study
1:22the objectives are to supply background
1:25information to allow readers to evaluate
1:27the results of present study without
1:29referring to previous publications you
1:32also should explain your reasons for
1:33conducting this study for the content of
1:35the introduction you should include a
1:37rationale for the study brief background
1:39about the subject study objectives and
1:42if pertinent a review of the literature
1:43the next section of the research paper
1:46is the methods and materials in this
1:48section you are asked what materials did
1:50you use and how did you conduct the
1:52study the purpose of the methods and
1:54materials section is to state in clear
1:56terms what you used for the study and
1:58how exactly you carried it out for
2:01content you should include study design
2:03study materials answer the question what
2:06was done to the material and how are the
2:08effects measured the methods and the
2:10materials is the leanest part of the
2:13research paper as it only focuses on the
2:15very specific details of how your study
2:17was carried out in the results section
2:19you're asked to answer the question what
2:21exactly did you find so here your goal
2:24is to show the detailed results of the
2:26study in natural order you should break
2:29these into subsections similar to you do
2:31in the methods section but with a little
2:33bit more explanation of these results
2:35for your content you want to include any
2:38key findings of the study text tables
2:41and figures that you used and
2:42statistical analysis that you glean from
2:45the study results
2:46the discussion section is the largest
2:49part of your research paper and in it
2:52you will answer the broad question what
2:53do the results mean what exactly does
2:56this require you to do while your main
2:57objective is to explain the overall
2:59outcome of the study results on the
3:01specific area of study and tell about
3:04the wider implications of the research
3:05this means that you will be talking
3:07about not only the research for your
3:10specific area of study but if applicable
3:12to other research that might be
3:15conducted in the future and therefore
3:16the content will include a restatement
3:19of major findings in this area of study
3:21strengths and pitfalls of your study
3:23implications on other future research
3:25any unanswered questions and future
3:28research and a final summary and
3:30conclusion now will some models will
3:32separate the conclusion from the
3:34discussion section most will say that
3:37this is one in the same of the text of
3:39your research paper so the conclusion is
3:41basically a final statement and actually
3:44it leads back to your introduction so
3:46the findings that you are looking for
3:48into the introduction are shown in your
3:50conclusion to the extent that they were
3:52found in your study please remember to
3:54follow the basic I M Rd format when
3:56composing your research paper unless
3:58otherwise instructed introduction
4:00materials and methods results and
4:03discussion using the right structure is
4:07the first step towards creating a strong
4:09manuscript and showing your work as
4:11clearly and concisely as possible for
4:13more information and tips on manuscript
4:15writing and journal submissions visit
4:17our resource pages at word viscom
4:20you