Full transcript
0:00This class will definitively answer the
0:03main question for those who want to
0:05start investing or intend to invest .
0:08Look at what our friend Nadson sent
0:09here . He commented on one of our videos
0:11. Excellent , Gerlan . What would be your
0:14guidance for investing 200k , that is R
0:17$ 200,000 ? If you look at the comments
0:20on my videos here , there are dozens of
0:22comments like : " Gerlan , how do I invest
0:24R $ 10,000 ? Where do I invest 50,000 ,
0:27100,000 , 80,000 , 70,000 ? 1,000 , I have
0:30some money sitting here in savings .
0:32What would be the best option for me ?
0:34To introduce this class , there is no
0:37universal investment for everyone . Your
0:40investment choices will depend on
0:43several factors . For example , I have
0:45João here , who has R $ 100,000 , wants
0:47to start investing and has this as a
0:49starting point . And there is Pedro here
0:51who has R $ 40,000 . But when you decide
0:54to start investing , several things must
0:57be answered . What do they want ? There
1:01is investment A , investment B ,
1:03investment C , D , E , F. There are dozens
1:05of investment options out there and all
1:07of them will take you somewhere ,
1:09depending on what you are looking for .
1:12So , João may want to supplement his
1:14retirement . Pedro may want to buy a car
1:17, or want to invest to buy a house , or
1:19put a down payment on a house . The time
1:22frame for the investment is also
1:24fundamental . And the answers for you to
1:28know where it is best to invest will be
1:30in the investments themselves . Because
1:33in this class I will bring a summary of
1:36each investment class so that at the
1:38end of the video you leave knowing
1:40exactly where to invest . " Whoa , I get
1:44it now , I have 100,000 , so I know I
1:46want to put 50 here , 20 there , and so
1:48on . " You will leave this video with
1:50that clarity . I will not go deep into
1:53detailing every type of investment ,
1:55otherwise this class would be 10 hours
1:58long . The intention here is for you to
2:00know where you are going to invest ,
2:02okay ? It's the Tesouro Direto , there
2:05are classes here , and I'll even leave
2:07some specific ones here about each
2:08investment for you to go to . Alright ? I
2:11know where I'm going to invest my money
2:13. Now I will understand all the details
2:16of how to invest in that investment , OK
2:18? That's why it's important for you to
2:21stay until the end so you understand
2:23all the types and you leave a video
2:25once and for all knowing exactly where
2:27to invest . Look , the first thing you
2:31need to learn are the two types of
2:33investments . There are only two types
2:38of investments in the world , and every
2:40investment falls into one of these two
2:43categories . So you don't get lost ,
2:45thinking , " Oh my God , I want to start ,
2:47but I don't understand . " The first
2:49thing is to define the type of
2:51investment you want to make . To keep
2:55you from getting lost , the definitions
2:57of these two names , fixed income and
3:00variable income , pretty much describe
3:02what the investment is about . Fixed
3:06income , every investment within this
3:09category , we can say that the
3:11profitability — the income you'll
3:13receive by putting your money there —
3:16is fixed . You already have a definition
3:19; you already know how much you're
3:21going to earn . When you put your money
3:24here , it will grow , it will yield
3:26something . With this type of investment
3:29, there is no possibility of investing
3:31and having your money decrease or go
3:33into the negative . We'll study each of
3:37the investments in this category
3:39shortly . And if you understand the
3:42rules of each investment and stay until
3:45the end , that possibility doesn't exist
3:47. You will always earn something , but
3:50you have to follow the rules of that
3:52investment , okay ? However , you will
3:55have a return . The more you know about
3:58the investments here , the higher the
4:00return you can achieve . Then the
4:03question arises : " Gelan , how will I
4:05identify that an investment is part of
4:07fixed income ? " " It will say so right
4:10there in the name . " Some brokers
4:11already make it easier . They have a
4:14shortcut you can click for fixed income
4:16, but the best way to identify an
4:18investment in this category is by
4:20knowing the investment itself . I just
4:23gave you the definition . If you go
4:27there and find an investment that tells
4:29you , " If you invest here , you'll earn
4:3110 % per year . " Whoa , if it says I'll
4:35earn 10 % per year , that's fixed . I
4:37already know how much I'm going to earn
4:39. So , it's part of fixed income . You'll
4:42invest , and it's an investment that
4:45will yield a variable rate , like 100 % of
4:49the CDI . The CDI is a market rate that
4:53fluctuates over time ; it can go higher
4:56or lower , but this rate will never be
4:58negative . The CDI rate will never be
5:02negative . For you to lose money
5:04investing in the CDI , the CDI would
5:06have to be negative , like minus 5 % .
5:09Then you would put your money there and
5:11you would lose 5 % every year , but the
5:13CDI never stays negative . In other
5:16words , regardless of whether it goes up
5:18or down a little over time , your money
5:20will always earn something . Ah , so if
5:24it always keeps earning in the positive
5:27, always having a positive return , that
5:29characterizes a fixed-income modality ,
5:32okay ? And I have the other modality
5:36which is the opposite , it’s variable
5:38income , as the name itself says ,
5:40variable income . What does that mean ?
5:43That it can vary . So it can vary both
5:46positively and negatively . Meaning , you
5:51can put your money into some variable
5:53income application and your money here ,
5:56look , its return can go up , or it can
5:58also be that even if you follow the
6:01rules of that investment or keep it
6:03until the end , this investment can end
6:05up in the negative , regardless of what
6:08you do . Are there investments where you
6:11can lose money in fixed income ? Yes .
6:15But only if you don’t follow the
6:17rules of that investment . If you
6:19understand , ah , the investment is for 2
6:21years and you stay until the end , you
6:23will always earn money . It’s a
6:25positive return . Ah , I want to abandon
6:27it , I want to leave in the middle of
6:29the journey here . It can happen that
6:30you lose money if you don’t follow
6:32the rules of that investment . But in
6:35variable income , even if you buy it
6:37correctly , a catastrophe in the economy
6:40can happen , a war , something , and
6:42directly influence this market here and
6:44your investment can end up in the
6:47negative . However , this market here
6:50also , unlike fixed income , the positive
6:53return you can have here can be five
6:56times , 10 times , 20 times greater than
6:58that of fixed income . In the same way
7:02that it can be negative , you can earn a
7:04lot of money in these types of
7:05investments here . And we are going to
7:08talk about each one of them now . The
7:11first most popular and well-known
7:13investment in fixed income is the
7:15savings account itself . A good portion
7:17of Brazilians today have a lot of money
7:19saved in savings accounts . I have to
7:21talk about the savings account because
7:22it really is an investment . It will
7:24earn something . Many people say it
7:26doesn't earn anything , but it does earn
7:27something . It is the worst return we
7:29have today , in quotation marks , yes . If
7:32you leave the money kept in a piggy
7:33bank at home , under the mattress , it is
7:35even worse than leaving it in savings ,
7:37because keeping it in a piggy bank
7:39won't earn anything . At least in
7:41savings , it will earn an average of 6 %
7:43per year . Now we have arrived here at
7:46digital accounts . What am I going to do
7:48here ? I am going to list the
7:51investments and explain how they work
7:53and in what situation you would invest
7:56in them , so at the end it is a good
7:58idea to have a pen and paper to jot
8:00down , like , digital accounts are for
8:03XYZ , okay ? Investment XYZ , so in the
8:06end you will know , ah , I’ll take my
8:08money and I know where I am going to
8:10invest it here or there . I already want
8:13to cross off savings accounts , even
8:14though I mentioned them because they
8:16are part of fixed income , they are the
8:17worst fixed income investment and are
8:19not recommended due to their
8:20profitability . Only invest in savings
8:23accounts if you don't want to learn how
8:24to invest , which is not your case . You
8:26want to learn to invest better , so take
8:28savings accounts off your radar right
8:29now . We have arrived at digital
8:31accounts . Certainly , if you already
8:33have an account with Nubank , Banco
8:35Inter , PicPay , Neon , and so on , you
8:37have already seen their savings
8:38features , boxes , or piggy banks . These
8:41are digital bank investments . These
8:44investments , most of the time , will
8:46yield 100 % of the CDI . Even after
8:49deducting income tax over one year , you
8:51would have a real return today of
8:53approximately 12 % per year . Just by
8:56moving from a savings account to here ,
8:59you would already double your
9:00profitability . However , these
9:03investments are only for short-term
9:05occasions . It is not for you to take
9:08all your money and think you are making
9:10the best investment in the world by
9:12putting it here in a box , a piggy bank ,
9:14or a savings feature . These investments
9:18here are only used for you to build a
9:20reserve , to build cash , money that will
9:23remain available for you to make a
9:26quick move if you need to . So , only
9:29invest in these investments if . "
9:31Gerland , I have 200,000 , 100,000 . " "
9:33Can I put it here ? " " You can . " If you
9:35are going to need this money in 2 or 3
9:38months , you can put it there . This is
9:40one of the best investments for that
9:43case . So just know , digital account
9:45investments , their investments , you
9:47know , those little boxes , the piggy
9:49banks , those cute investments they put
9:51out there , you can invest , but only
9:53with that goal . Have a reserve there ,
9:57money that is easily accessible , with
9:59daily liquidity , that you can manage at
10:01any moment . So that is the goal of
10:04these investments here . Then we come
10:07now to the Tesouro Direto . The Tesouro
10:09Direto is a government program for you
10:11to invest in the Brazilian government .
10:13And within this option here , there are
10:16five types of investments with
10:18different goals . We have Tesouro Selic ,
10:21Tesouro IPCA , Tesouro Prefixado ,
10:24Tesouro Renda Mais , and Tesouro Educa
10:26Mais , which are all similar , just with
10:29different end goals . I just did an
10:32analysis today on Tesouro Direto ,
10:34looking at current yields and making a
10:37projection for over a year of
10:39investment . Because this type of
10:41investment has a specific goal , which
10:44is saving money . Oh , I have some cash
10:47here to invest , I won't use it in the
10:50short term , but I want to let it grow
10:52in a good , safe investment that brings
10:54a good return . Oh , I have 50,000 , I
10:57have 100,000 . That is the goal of
10:59Tesouro Direto . An investment for you
11:02to save money . The most popular and
11:05simplest investment is Tesouro Selic .
11:08Today , it yields 14.25 % , and after
11:11taxes , it brings a net annual return of
11:1512.1 % at current rates . It's simple here
11:19; you can put your money in , it won't
11:21go negative , you won't lose money , it
11:23will always stay positive and always
11:25earn something . If the SELIC , which is
11:28the rate this investment uses as a
11:30benchmark , defined by the Central Bank ,
11:32if the Central Bank raises the Selic
11:35rate , this investment starts earning
11:37more . If it lowers it , this investment
11:39starts earning less . In other words , it
11:42could earn 12 % , 14 % , 11 % , or 10 % , but
11:45it will never go negative . You will
11:47always earn something . And we have
11:49Tesouro IPCA . Tesouro IPCA is not an
11:52investment for you to save money in the
11:54medium term . This investment here , only
11:57invest in it if you are willing to put
11:59the money in and leave it until the end
12:02. One I just looked at here is for 2032
12:04. There is a Tesouro IPCA 2032 . From
12:082026 , that makes 6 years of investment .
12:10So this investment here , if you leave
12:13it until the end , based on my average
12:16yield calculation , you would have a
12:18return of approximately 11 % per year .
12:21You put your money here , and it would
12:23grow by 11 % every year . However , Tesouro
12:27IPCA has a fixed rate and the IPCA ,
12:29which is the inflation rate . Inflation
12:31can be higher or lower , which will
12:33affect your profitability . But this
12:37investment has something called "
12:38mark-to-market , " which is for those who
12:41want to give up and jump ship ahead of
12:43time . If you put it here , it is to stay
12:46until 2032 . If you stay , OK , you will
12:49have a good return . It's not a bad
12:52investment if you hold it until the end
12:54. It is a good investment . However , if
12:57you don't have much money , say you have
12:5950,000 , 100,000 , or 200,000 , and want
13:01to put it here . Don't do that . This
13:05investment here is a strategic move for
13:07those who have a lot of money . I only
13:10recommend this type of investment to
13:11those who have a lot of capital . Oh , I
13:13have 1 million reais here . Oh , I'll put
13:1650,000 in such a place . I want to set
13:19aside 400,000 for 6 years . I want to
13:21save it . I want to protect myself here ,
13:24I want it to have a good return ,
13:26because this investment will lock in a
13:28fixed yield . The Selic rate for next
13:31year might drop significantly , and the
13:33returns could decrease . But the Tesouro
13:36Selic allows withdrawals at any time on
13:38business days . However , here , because
13:41of mark-to-market pricing — if you want
13:43to learn more , I'll leave a video here
13:46explaining it so you understand this
13:48phenomenon — you could lose money if
13:51you withdraw too early , or you could
13:53earn a bit more if you withdraw at the
13:56right time . But the ideal thing here is
13:58to keep it until the end . Wait , now you
14:01get it . Tesouro Selic brings 12 % on
14:03average , but I can withdraw at any time
14:06. Tesouro IPCA brings approximately 11 %
14:09, but I have to leave it until 2032 .
14:13That's 6 years . It's a very long time
14:15to lock up your money in an investment .
14:18Then we reach the fixed-rate treasury
14:20bond . It’s the same idea as the
14:22Tesouro IPCA . The only difference is
14:25that Tesouro IPCA has a fixed rate plus
14:27the IPCA inflation index . Combining the
14:30two will define what your total return
14:32is . So , there is some variation here .
14:35With Tesouro IPCA , there may be years
14:37where you have a slightly higher return
14:39. There may be years where you have a
14:42slightly lower return due to the
14:44inflation rate for that period . But the
14:47fixed-rate treasury bond doesn't have
14:48that . If it says it will be
14:50such-and-such percent per year , you put
14:52your money in , and every year it will
14:54yield that fixed rate . No matter what
14:59happens in the market , if interest
15:01rates rise or fall , your investment is
15:04fixed , it’s locked in ; you fixed it
15:06at x % per year . I've already done the
15:10math , subtracting the tax on the
15:12fixed-rate treasury bond available
15:14today until 2029 , if I'm not mistaken ,
15:17you'll have a return of approximately
15:1912 % per year . However , it is a long-term
15:22investment ; it's not meant to be
15:23redeemed at any time because it has
15:25mark-to-market pricing , just like the
15:27Tesouro IPCA . There will be a lesson
15:29below about this . So , these two
15:31investments should be held until the
15:33end , because of mark-to-market pricing .
15:36The Tesouro Renda Mais and the Tesouro
15:38Educa Mais . They are the same thing as
15:40the Tesouro IPCA . The profitability is
15:42the same : the IPCA plus a fixed rate .
15:46The only difference is that this
15:48investment has a structure set up by
15:50the Treasury to allocate money as
15:52income for things like retirement , and
15:55the Educa Mais is for education , paying
15:57for college or school . But it's not
16:00extra income they are giving you , no .
16:03They will take the money you
16:04accumulated over the period , along with
16:06the interest , and distribute it to you .
16:09Calculating it here , if you invested
16:11this way , you would have an average
16:13return of 11 % per year , after deducting
16:15taxes at the end . In other words , these
16:18types of investments below the Tesouro
16:20Selic all have mark-to-market pricing .
16:22You cannot withdraw money before the
16:25deadline within the Tesouro Direto . If
16:28I want to put money away for the medium
16:30term , say a year from now , and withdraw
16:32whenever I want , I can put it in the
16:34Tesouro Selic . " Oh , I have a lot of
16:36money here and I want to set aside a
16:39good portion just for this strategy ,
16:41look . " For a Tesouro IPCA or a
16:43pre-fixed bond . You can do it , you may
16:46do it , but be aware : your money must
16:48stay until the end . After you learn
16:52about mark-to-market , then fine , it may
16:54happen that you get a good return over
16:56the period and you can withdraw a bit
16:58earlier . But it’s not an investment
17:01for you to get excited about , seeing
17:03people talking about " IPCA plus 8 % , the
17:05best time to invest , " and then
17:07investing without understanding how it
17:09works . In fixed income , we arrive at
17:11the CDB . The CDB is a more mixed
17:14investment . You can find CDBs of
17:17different natures . Today you can find
17:20CDBs that yield more than these
17:22investments I already mentioned , in
17:25terms of profitability ; they have a bit
17:28more return because there are banks out
17:30there that offer rates above the CDI ,
17:33over a hundred percent of the CDI . Like
17:37a good CDB , which I've already
17:39mentioned here on the channel , after
17:42taxes , you can reach up to 12.5 % per
17:44year in net returns with current rates .
17:48And it's a daily liquidity CDB . You can
17:51find CDBs with daily liquidity that you
17:53can withdraw at any time . But you can
17:57also find CDBs that have a locked-in
17:59return , which is similar to a
18:00fixed-rate bond . The only difference
18:03from the fixed-rate bond here is that
18:05with a Tesouro Direto fixed-rate bond ,
18:08you can withdraw at any time , but you
18:10will withdraw based on market reality ,
18:12which is mark-to-market . If the market
18:15is favorable , you will gain a little .
18:16If it is unfavorable , you will end up
18:18losing money . With a fixed-rate CDB ,
18:20however , which is locked in , you cannot
18:22withdraw it early . It is until the end .
18:24So , there is no mark-to-market . If it
18:26is until the end , you stay until the
18:28end . There is no mark-to-market . It is
18:30the same thing . If you couldn't
18:32withdraw the Tesouro Direto fixed-rate
18:34bond before the deadline , there would
18:35be no mark-to-market . If you left it
18:38until the end , there wouldn't be . Now
18:40we come to LCI and LCA . These are two
18:43investments with the same structure .
18:44The only difference is at the bank , the
18:46destination , which is for the real
18:48estate sector and the agribusiness
18:50sector . But for you , the investor , the
18:52two investments change nothing . With
18:55this investment , you can get a slightly
18:57higher return . By researching , we can
19:01find a good LCI or LCA that brings a
19:03return of approximately 13 % per year . My
19:09intention here is to present the main
19:11fixed-income investments , an overview
19:13of returns so you can understand the
19:15difference and know how to analyze what
19:17many people get wrong here . Sometimes
19:21you have 100,000 or 50,000 reais . Then
19:23you say : " Oh , Glan , I'm going to put
19:2510,000 reais here in the Nubank box .
19:28I'll put 10,000 reais here in the
19:30Tesouro Selic . I'll put 10,000 reais in
19:33a CDB , and I'll put another 10,000
19:35reais in an LCI . Then you distribute it
19:37among a bunch of investments . What
19:39happens when you see this scenario ?
19:42What similarities do you find here ?
19:45Notice that within fixed income , the
19:47returns are very similar , they are
19:50almost the same . When you go digging
19:54around , looking for a better investment
19:56, it's not like , " Oh my God , I'm going
19:58to become a millionaire just because I
19:59took it out of the Nubank box and moved
20:02it to an LCI . " The goal is : the higher
20:05the return , the better . The more reais
20:08I earn , the better . But the clarity I
20:10want to bring here is so you don't
20:12pollute your investment portfolio . When
20:16it comes to investing , keep it simple ,
20:18because now you've realized , man ,
20:19Gerlan brought a reality about fixed
20:21income here that I hadn't grasped . Okay
20:24, if I put it here in the Nubank box ,
20:26it's going to get me close to 12 % . If I
20:29put it in a Selic Treasury bond , it's
20:32also close to 12 % , if I put it in a CDB
20:34, even a very good one , it'll bring
20:36close to 12 % . An LCI , okay , 1 % more , but
20:40it's still close to 12 % . There are some
20:44investments I'll leave for longer , like
20:46the IPCA Treasury , fixed-rate Treasury ,
20:49Educa Mais , Renda Mais , also 11 , 12 ,
20:51close to 12 % , you're already seeing the
20:53pattern . It's no use , you won't get a
20:57good result when you decide to invest
20:58only in fixed income and want to split
21:00all your cash into a bunch of fixed
21:02income investments , when all of them
21:04will bring practically the same return .
21:07Some people take it , put it in a Nubank
21:09box , put it in a Selic Treasury , and
21:11put it in a CDB that pays 100 % of the
21:13CDI . All three investments here are
21:16basically bringing the same return and
21:18you're just giving yourself more work .
21:21You could very well , let's imagine you
21:23have 100,000 reais . Then you put 30,000
21:25here , 30,000 here , and 40,000 here . It
21:28was much better to take the 100,000 and
21:30put it in a single place . You
21:32simplified it and you'll have the same
21:34return . Yes , Gerlan . And what would you
21:36do if I had approximately 100,000 reais
21:39? And let's talk about variable income
21:41to see if it matches your profile . My
21:43profile is only fixed income . I only
21:45want investments that will bring me a
21:47return . I don't want variable income .
21:49Okay ? If I have 100,000 reais , first
21:52I'm going to set up a cash reserve ,
21:54okay ? liquid money that will be
21:56available to me whenever I want it .
22:00Within fixed income , when I know the
22:02investments , I know that I can find a
22:04daily liquidity CDB . Digital accounts
22:07also have daily liquidity . The Selic
22:10Treasury , even though it doesn't have
22:12daily liquidity , I can redeem it the
22:14next day . LCIs and LCAs don't have
22:17daily liquidity . The shortest term I
22:20can find here is 6 months . Their terms
22:23are always locked . 1 year , 1 and a half
22:26years , 2 years , 6 months . So , I already
22:29know that I'll have a slightly higher
22:31return when I find a good one with a
22:33nice yield , but I already know that I
22:35have to wait . There’s no
22:37mark-to-market here , it’s all set ,
22:39and the term is shorter . Uh , but why
22:41don't I just invest directly in a
22:43fixed-rate bond ? Because the term for
22:45fixed-rate bonds is much longer . It’s
22:472029 . Like , what I found here , right ?
22:49Like 3 years . As an investor , I don’t
22:53think it’s very smart to take my
22:55money and lock it away for 3 years . It
22:57really depends on your financial
22:59capital . If you’re in the range of
23:0350,000 , 100,000 , or 200,000 reais , it's
23:05not money you should be locking away
23:08for a long time . Only lock money away
23:12for a long time when you have a lot of
23:14it . When you have millions of reais .
23:17Then you take a portion of your
23:19millions to use other strategies and
23:21set aside a part to lock in a yield in
23:24a fixed-rate bond . Okay , Gelan ? I’ve
23:27gathered that all these investments you
23:29mentioned here are safe investments . I
23:31want to invest safely while seeking
23:34better returns . You’ve already
23:36understood the returns here , see . Once
23:39you grasp the purpose of an investment ,
23:41like LCI and LCA , it's also a type of
23:43investment meant for saving money for
23:46the medium to long term . You can find a
23:49good LCI and a good LCA to save money .
23:53So , most fixed-income investments aim
23:56to save money , while digital accounts
23:59are for reserves , cash , and money to
24:02move around in the short term . The
24:05intention here is not to confuse you .
24:08As you mature and understand each
24:10investment , you can also use a CDB as
24:12cash or a reserve , that's perfectly
24:15fine , because there are CDBs with daily
24:17liquidity . What about Tesouro Selic ,
24:21Gerlan ? Can I keep my 10,000 reais in
24:23Tesouro Selic ? I don't really like
24:26Tesouro Selic when it's not a lot of
24:28money . You can take that money and put
24:31it in a savings account . You can put it
24:33in a CDB , which is easier to apply to ,
24:35and you can withdraw it right away , on
24:37the same day . Tesouro Selic takes 24
24:40hours . It takes up to 24 hours for you
24:42to redeem your money . Now , if you
24:44already have a significant amount of
24:46money and want to save it for a longer
24:48time , okay , Tesouro Selic would be
24:50interesting . But beyond the safety here
24:53, there's another guy to guarantee it
24:56even more , which is the FGC , a fund
24:58that acts like insurance to guarantee
25:00financial institutions , so if you
25:02invest in something here and the
25:04institution goes bankrupt , you won't
25:06lose your money . And this FGC
25:09guarantees up to 250,000 reais . However
25:14, of all these investments here , the
25:16FGC guarantees everything except
25:19Tesouro Direto . None of these Tesouro
25:22Direto investments are guaranteed by
25:24the FGC . Wait , so it's not safe to
25:26invest in Tesouro Direto ? It is safe
25:29because Tesouro Direto is the safest
25:31investment in Brazil , as you are
25:32investing in the federal government .
25:35And the safest entity for you to invest
25:37in in any country is the government
25:39itself . It is the one that can print
25:41money , it is the one that can honor its
25:43debts . And if our economy were to
25:46collapse , the last one to go bankrupt
25:47would be the government . If you
25:49invested in a savings account , the
25:51banks would fail . LCI , LCA , CDB , these
25:53are all bank investments . So they would
25:56go bankrupt before the government .
25:58Since the government is the safest
26:00entity , it doesn't have the FGC
26:01guarantee . Savings accounts , digital
26:04accounts , CDB , LCI , LCA , they do have
26:07it . Now we've reached variable income ,
26:10and we'll start with real estate funds .
26:12How does it work here ? A real estate
26:15fund has two ways of making money ,
26:17which is the main purpose of investing
26:19in real estate funds : receiving monthly
26:21income . You take your money , buy shares
26:25, that is , invest in shares of real
26:27estate funds so that every month that
26:29monthly income hits your account . So ,
26:33real estate funds can be used for two
26:35purposes : to build wealth in real
26:37estate funds , even with little money ,
26:39by buying few shares , because you can
26:41invest with as little as 10 reais . You
26:45keep buying shares , receiving dividends
26:46, adding more money , buying , and
26:48scaling it up . Or , if you already have
26:51a significant amount of money , which is
26:53the case here , like 200,000 reais , you
26:55can take 100,000 reais and invest in a
26:57real estate fund and put 100,000 reais
26:59into some fixed-income strategy . And
27:03when it comes to profitability , just
27:05the monthly income part , today you can
27:07build a real estate fund portfolio that
27:09generates approximately 12 % per year for
27:11you . Like , 1 % of monthly income will
27:14drop in every month . What do you mean ,
27:16Jan ? Just calculate the amount you
27:18invested . Oh , I invested 100,000 reais .
27:20How much is 1 % of 100,000 reais ? That's
27:23what you will receive approximately
27:25today if you build a good real estate
27:27fund portfolio . Then there is the money
27:29you invest to be able to have this
27:31benefit of receiving the monthly income
27:33. This money here , it is indeed
27:35variable . This one here is also
27:37variable . The monthly income is
27:39variable , but it is more stable . Like ,
27:42if you're receiving 1 % a month , maybe
27:44there will be months where it falls to
27:460.98 , months it falls to 1.1 , and
27:48months it will be 1 % . So it varies
27:52around the same payment level , since
27:55the fluctuation of shares , which is the
27:57change in the assets you invest in real
28:00estate funds , will vary over time .
28:04There will be times when you might see
28:08this equity down 5 % , 7 % , 2 % , 8 % , just
28:11as you might see it high , up 5 % , 7 % , or
28:1510 % . We invest in real estate funds to
28:18receive monthly income . " Oh , Gerlan , I
28:22see here that real estate funds can
28:24provide an average of 12 % a year , but
28:26digital accounts here are also at 12 % ,
28:29close to 12 % , so why isn't it better to
28:31invest here ? " Because this is variable
28:34income . This income here is tax-exempt .
28:37So you already receive this average
28:39return tax-free . Here I included the
28:42average annual return , considering the
28:46annual tax , which is 17.5 % . If you want
28:50to take the money out , which is income
28:52from your investments here , you'll have
28:54to withdraw it monthly , you have to go
28:56there every month and redeem it . And
28:59when you do that monthly , then 22.5 % in
29:01tax is already deducted . The tax is
29:04much higher . So you can't compare the
29:07return here with that of real estate
29:09funds . With real estate funds , the goal
29:12is to receive monthly income . Here ,
29:14none of these investments here have the
29:16goal of receiving monthly income . Only
29:18the " Tesouro Renda + " when you reach
29:21your goal . But as for the return , I've
29:23already explained how it works here .
29:25And it's not always that viable ,
29:27because you can already see that here ,
29:29you might have a much lower return than
29:30with real estate funds . However , with
29:33the funds , while you're receiving
29:35monthly income , you can have
29:37appreciation in your shares that you
29:39can sell later on , renew your portfolio
29:41, rotate your assets , and also make a
29:43profit on that operation . And when is
29:46the time to invest in a real estate
29:48fund ? When you have understood this and
29:51want to start a journey of many years
29:54building wealth , you can use real
29:55estate funds , and here you will have
29:57much better results than investing here
30:00in the fixed-income side . But this is a
30:03medium to long-term strategy , it's not
30:05short-term , a matter of 2 years , no .
30:08Another variable income investment is
30:10ETFs . An ETF is a more moderate way for
30:15those who want to invest in the next
30:17phases I will show here , in a way that
30:19is not so aggressive , a more
30:20comfortable way . What does an ETF do ?
30:25An ETF is an organization , a manager
30:27that invests in something you believe
30:29you want to invest in , but don't want
30:32to invest in directly . And you invest
30:36through ETFs . How so ? Today there is a
30:39popular ETF on the stock exchange
30:41called BOVA 11 . This ETF invests ,
30:44meaning it buys shares of the biggest
30:46companies on the stock exchange today .
30:49For instance , this ETF has Petrobras ,
30:52Vale , and Banco Itaú . When you invest
30:54in this ETF , you are investing in a
30:57bunch of companies , a bunch of stocks
30:59from our stock exchange . In other words
31:02, your profitability is the average
31:04result of all of them . You are not just
31:07exposing yourself to Petrobras stock ,
31:09or only one company , or two or three ;
31:11since there are several companies , it
31:14becomes a more moderate , more
31:16comfortable investment . So it is a way
31:19to have a lighter exposure to the
31:21market , to use more common language .
31:25But there are also ETFs that invest in
31:27a single thing , a single purpose , in
31:30things that were generally harder for a
31:32person to invest in . For example , there
31:35is an ETF on our exchange called Gold
31:3711 . You can invest in gold too , but it
31:40is very difficult to go there , buy gold
31:42, and keep it at home ; it is very risky
31:44. So you can invest through an ETF .
31:48There is also an ETF that invests in
31:50gold for you . So , when you buy the ETF ,
31:53it will bring you the result of the
31:55gold's variation . If gold rises , if
31:58gold appreciates over time , this ETF
32:00also appreciates . The same thing with
32:03BOVA here , look . If the biggest
32:05companies on our stock exchange go up ,
32:06this ETF also goes up . If the companies
32:09fall , this ETF also falls . In other
32:12words , an ETF is a variable income
32:14investment ; it can both fall and rise ,
32:16but it is a medium-to-long-term
32:18investment , not a short-term one .
32:21Variable income investment is not a
32:23short-term investment . Also , nothing I
32:25show here is an investment
32:27recommendation . I am showing examples ,
32:30eh , results that happened as an
32:31educational effect . In the case of BOVA
32:3411 here , over the last 5 years , it
32:36brought a positive variation of 48 % .
32:39You put x amount into this ETF and it
32:42appreciated by 48 % . The other ETF here ,
32:46look , Gold 11 , it appreciated 120 % .
32:49It's as if you had put in $ 10,000 and
32:51today you'd have $ 22,000 . Do you see
32:55how different the variation is ? So ,
32:57there are some variable income
32:58investments here that will outperform
33:00others . That’s why we study , that’s
33:03why we analyze ; it’s a market that
33:05requires much more knowledge than this
33:06one . Does it yield better results ? Yes ,
33:10but it requires study . But the starting
33:13point is to have a sense of how these
33:15investments work , and then , oh , I get
33:18it . Now I’m going to delve into ETFs ,
33:21into real estate funds . On what
33:23occasion do you invest in an ETF ? When
33:26a real estate fund isn’t enough for
33:28you and you want exposure to another
33:30type of market . Oh , I like the stock
33:33market , but I don't want to buy an
33:34individual stock . You can choose an ETF
33:37. Oh , I want to invest in gold , I want
33:40to invest in the US market , but I don't
33:42want to buy an Apple stock or a
33:44Facebook stock directly . There are also
33:47ETFs that invest in the largest
33:48companies on the US stock exchange .
33:51Investing in ETFs has two scenarios .
33:53Either you build a base in fixed income
33:56, and with the other part of your money
33:59, you decide : " Oh , I want exposure to
34:01the variable income market because I
34:03know I can get a bit more return over
34:06time , but I don't want to invest so
34:08aggressively ; I want to keep it light . "
34:12Then you can start with ETFs , putting a
34:14portion of your money into a good ETF .
34:17If a real estate fund doesn't make
34:19sense for you to receive monthly income
34:21, isn't that what you want ? You can
34:23choose an ETF . But now comes an
34:25investment more advanced than ETFs . We
34:29have now reached the most powerful
34:30investment in variable income , which is
34:32investing in stocks . The objective of
34:36investing in stocks includes receiving
34:38dividends over time . However , stocks
34:41don't pay monthly income like real
34:43estate funds . Stocks pay every three
34:46months , every six months . So , the
34:49strategy of receiving monthly income
34:51with stocks doesn't work . Unless you
34:54start investing and then accumulate a
34:56very significant amount of assets in
34:59stocks . And the income you received
35:02during the year , you use in the
35:04following year to maintain your
35:05standard of living , in case you want to
35:07use the dividends generated by stocks .
35:11But for me , the predominant goal of
35:13investing in stocks is multiplication .
35:15It's multiplying my wealth . Oh , I’m
35:18satisfied . I already have a base here .
35:20I've already built a fixed-income base ,
35:22some liquid cash , an emergency fund ,
35:24okay ? But I have some capital here to
35:27put into stocks and I want to leave it
35:29there for five years or more so it
35:31multiplies as much as possible . Alright
35:33? Then you will study the stock market ,
35:36analyze it , and choose the best growth
35:38stocks to invest in so they can grow .
35:42Because here , sure , you're getting a
35:43little income , a fixed , decent return .
35:47ETFs also bring a nice return , but
35:48stocks have a much greater potential
35:50for multiplication . I pulled some data
35:53here : if you built a portfolio with
35:55four stocks — though it's ideal to have
35:57a bit more — just with shares of
35:59Petrobras , Copasa , Caixa Seguridade ,
36:00and Itaúsa . These four stocks had an
36:04average result that brought a return of
36:07242 % . It’s as if you had invested
36:11100,000 and after 5 years you would
36:13have something like 242,000 . Stocks are
36:17also an investment that fluctuates .
36:20They also pay income , but it isn't a
36:22monthly periodic payment . When they pay
36:24out , it drops directly into your
36:26brokerage account . Then you can take
36:28that income and reinvest it to further
36:31boost your results , buying more shares
36:34to increase your holdings and grow your
36:38assets . In other words , in the short
36:40term , you might see your assets in the
36:42negative . We always calculate an
36:44average annual return , but there are
36:46years where it might end up negative .
36:48There will be very good years where a
36:51single year provides a massive jump in
36:53value , significantly increasing your
36:55returns . There will be years that
36:58barely move , maybe go up a little ,
37:00years where it drops , years where it
37:02rises a lot , so a lot will happen .
37:05That’s why stocks are an investment
37:07type meant for the medium and long term
37:09. Don't invest in stocks thinking about
37:126 months or one year . " Oh , I'm
37:15investing in fixed income , I have
37:17200,000 and I'm going to put a part
37:19here , but I want to venture out . " " I
37:22want to place a bet . " Don't do that .
37:24Stocks are not a gamble . You have to
37:26become a partner in that company . When
37:28you buy a share , you become a partner
37:30in that company . And you have to wait
37:32for the results to happen . You wouldn't
37:35take your money , start a business , and
37:36expect results the very next week or
37:38next month . You'll have to wait for the
37:41company to grow and start yielding
37:43returns so you can profit down the road
37:44. It’s the same logic here . So ,
37:47stocks are a type of investment to
37:49multiply your capital . The
37:52multiplication can be very significant
37:53when you have good knowledge and know
37:55how to analyze and choose good stocks .
37:58It can be . ETFs are the same thing ;
38:00they have the same purpose as stocks .
38:02It's multiplication , because ETFs don't
38:04pay dividends . These ones here do . Real
38:06estate funds also pay , but ETFs do not .
38:09However , there is the fact that the ETF
38:11receives dividends because it invests
38:13in companies . So , the companies the ETF
38:16invests in here do pay dividends . The
38:19ETF fund takes the dividends and
38:21reinvests them into the ETF itself ,
38:22making it even more consistent . Now ,
38:25GOLD11 , which invests in gold — gold
38:27doesn't pay dividends . So there are no
38:29dividends here . Therefore , you don't
38:31receive any income here , only the
38:33appreciation that occurred . With stocks
38:35, you receive income throughout the
38:36year , depending on the company .
38:38Sometimes they pay , sometimes they
38:39don't . Real estate funds always pay .
38:43The money in the funds here also
38:44fluctuates just like these ones , but
38:46the variation here is not as
38:47significant . It will vary by some
38:50negative percentage , some positive
38:52percentage , but it's a more moderate ,
38:55more conservative variation . Another
38:58very well-known investment in variable
39:00income is cryptocurrencies . The most
39:03popular one today is the cryptocurrency
39:05called Bitcoin . This is one of the
39:08riskiest investments you have available
39:10to invest in today . There are other
39:14things people do out there , like
39:15betting , which is much riskier , but it
39:18isn't considered an investment . However
39:21, when it comes to investments ,
39:23cryptocurrencies are the riskiest . In
39:26other words , you're going to include
39:28cryptocurrencies in your investment
39:30strategy . I don't recommend it that
39:31much . For those of you with little
39:33money , " Oh , I have 10,000 Reais , where
39:34should I invest ? " Are you going to take
39:36a portion to put into crypto ? You
39:37shouldn't . It depends a lot on your
39:39goal . You certainly want to build this
39:42wealth to buy something down the line ,
39:44or you want to supplement your
39:45retirement , you want to keep investing
39:47every month , you want to grow your
39:49assets . Cryptocurrency is a type of
39:52investment that I consider for someone
39:53to venture into investments . " Oh , I
39:56already have a lot of money here . " " I've
39:58already built a base in fixed income , I
40:00have some variable income investments
40:02here . " Okay ? " But I want to put a small
40:06portion here in cryptocurrency because
40:08I know it can appreciate a lot , but be
40:10aware that just as it can appreciate a
40:13lot in the short term , it can also
40:15depreciate . " For example , in the last 5
40:18years , Bitcoin has appreciated by 40 % .
40:22Throughout that trajectory , a lot
40:23happened , right ? Five years in one year
40:26, a lot can happen , which is the case
40:28here . Anyone who invested in
40:30cryptocurrencies a year ago saw a 47 %
40:33devaluation . It's as if you had put
40:36100,000 reais into crypto and today
40:39you're seeing half of your assets in
40:41the red . Like , 50,000 evaporated , your
40:45assets lost 50,000 and you're only
40:47seeing 50,000 left on the exchange . If
40:51you want to sell your cryptocurrencies ,
40:53you will only get 50 % of your assets
40:55back . So , know that investing in
40:57cryptocurrency has these nuances here .
41:00You can see a very strong appreciation
41:02in the short term , but also a
41:04devaluation . So , there are people who
41:07think : " Oh , I'm going to invest 1,000
41:08reais here in cryptocurrencies . " Fine ,
41:10you go there and put in 1,000 reais . If
41:13, look here , over the last 5 years , a
41:1540 % appreciation . If it appreciates 100 %
41:18, your 1,000 reais will double , which
41:20is a bit hard to happen today with
41:22Bitcoin . But if your 1,000 reais
41:24doubles to 2,000 , will it change your
41:26life ? Did you do something that , my God
41:29, this was a deal that is going to
41:30change my life ? Investment is for you
41:33to build wealth , for you to realize
41:36dreams , for you to reach some goal , not
41:38to be here adventuring , making extra
41:41income , wanting to make some deal here
41:43to earn a little money to spend on
41:46pizza . No , that's not it . In short , for
41:48those who have little money , don't
41:50invest in cryptocurrency . It's not
41:52worth it . Now , if you already have
41:54significant capital , have already set
41:57up a structured portfolio , already know
41:59what you want and have some cash there
42:02that you're willing to apply here , and
42:04if you lose it , are you cool with that ?
42:07Fine , you can invest it , it's an option
42:10. Now let's look at the big picture . If
42:14you have some money , now that you have
42:15a basic knowledge base , what are you
42:17going to do ? It will depend on your
42:20goal . If you have money you want to
42:23invest to get a nice result , but want
42:25to withdraw it at any time , okay , you
42:27already know . You can easily invest in
42:30digital accounts in some bank deposit
42:32certificate . Gelan , I have some money
42:35here , but I want to take it out in a
42:37year or a year and a half to do
42:38something , OK ? But I don't want to take
42:42any risks . I don't want to see my money
42:44in the red . I can't stand to see my
42:46money in the red two months from now .
42:48OK ? Then you can take that money and
42:50look for a good LCI or a good LCA .
42:53It’s a good investment . You can take
42:55it and invest here , choosing a good LCI
42:58or LCA with a term that fits your
43:00schedule . Then you’ll already have a
43:03good result . In our friend's case here ,
43:05what would I do ? 200,000 reais . OK . I
43:09don’t know what his goal is , but I
43:10imagine he has 200,000 reais and he
43:12wants to grow his wealth even more to
43:14supplement his retirement down the line
43:16. So I would take the 200,000 reais
43:20today , put 100,000 here , and put
43:22100,000 into variable income . How would
43:26I do that ? First , with the 100,000 , I
43:28would set up a cash reserve with 50,000
43:30. I’d put it in any digital account
43:34here , like a Nubank box , or maybe
43:36choose a good CDB and put 50,000 there
43:39so it stays liquid for me . That would
43:42be my opportunity fund . OK . Many people
43:44like to call it an emergency fund . I
43:46don't like that . I prefer to call it an
43:48opportunity fund . OK . For the other
43:5150,000 , I would choose a good LCI and
43:53put it there . Agan , why don't you
43:56choose any of the options here from the
43:58direct treasury ? Remember I said that I
44:02only consider these options good for
44:04those who already have a good amount of
44:06money and want to lock it up for a very
44:08long period ? I don't like the idea of
44:11locking money away . I like to keep my
44:14money somewhat liquid , like for the
44:16short term , available so I can withdraw
44:19it whenever I want . Geran , if I invest
44:22in variable income , will it be locked ?
44:24No , if you invest in real estate funds ,
44:26it's not locked . And it's not locked
44:28with stocks either ; it doesn't get
44:30locked . Cryptocurrency isn't locked
44:32either . However , I am exposed to market
44:35fluctuations . But when I invest in real
44:37estate funds , I build a portfolio with
44:39five , six , or seven of them . The same
44:42thing with stocks . And I can manage
44:44them . If I need to take money out ,
44:46maybe I’ll withdraw from one of the
44:48options that is positive . I take it out
44:51and resolve whatever I need to resolve .
44:53I can take money out of here too , and
44:55even in fixed income , I don't like
44:57investing and leaving the money locked
44:59up . But if you only want to invest in
45:02fixed income , don't like seeing the
45:04volatility of variable income , don't
45:06want higher return potential , and maybe
45:08don't want to seek a bit more knowledge
45:10here , you can seek a return here in the
45:12long term and invest . But I wouldn't
45:15invest . I’d take 50,000 , put it in a
45:18Nubank savings box , a piggy bank , or
45:20maybe a CD . For 50,000 , I’d choose a
45:24good LCI or LCA to let it grow for a
45:27period of 6 months or a year . Okay ?
45:29When it comes to variable income , it
45:31really depends on the person's profile .
45:34If it’s their first time in variable
45:36income , I recommend real estate funds
45:38because they are more stable . Oh , want
45:40to evolve a bit more ? Then come the
45:42ETFs . Oh , want better results over time
45:45and to advance further ? Then move on to
45:47stocks . Want to reach the highest level
45:49? Then cryptocurrencies , as I’ve
45:52already explained . In this case , I’d
45:55take 100,000 and invest it , because I
45:57consider them to be a bit older , like
45:5860 - something years old . So , they don't
46:02have many years left to invest in
46:04stocks and wait for a good multiplier .
46:07I would take the 100,000 and invest in
46:10five good real estate funds , which
46:11would generate an average of 1,000 a
46:13month in monthly income . So , I’d have
46:18100,000 invested here in real estate
46:20funds , generating 1,000 in monthly
46:22income , which I can take and keep
46:25buying more fund shares to grow my
46:27assets for about 2 or 3 years ; it
46:29depends on how long they intend to keep
46:32investing to increase my assets here in
46:35real estate funds . While I’m
46:38increasing my 100,000 that I invested ,
46:41my 50,000 and what’s in the digital
46:43accounts are also earning a good annual
46:46rate . The same goes for my LCI . Done , I
46:49put it into three investment classes .
46:51That’s what I recommend the most . You
46:52don't need to diversify , as many people
46:55keep saying out there . You take it , put
46:57a little here , put a little in a CD , in
47:00an LCI , put it in a real estate fund .
47:02Oh , I want a little exposure to stocks .
47:04Then put 5,000 or 3,000 there in stocks
47:07. If this investment brings you a good
47:11return , the money you put in won't
47:12change your life . So there's no point ;
47:16it's better to take the money and boost
47:17where you are going to invest . The
47:21intention of this video is to give you
47:23a general idea of how it works , and how
47:25you should view each investment . Each
47:28investment will bring you a different
47:30proposal , as you saw here . So the
47:32intention is for you to look at this .
47:36Hey , Gelan is right ; I’m not going to
47:38just take all this and put it into my
47:40portfolio , take my $ 200,000 , my $
47:41100,000 , or $ 1,000 , and put a little
47:43bit into everything . It is much better
47:46for me to focus , choose one variable
47:48income investment , and choose two fixed
47:50income investments . There , I have a
47:52portfolio with three types of
47:54investments . There’s no secret , it
47:56has to be simple , it has to be easy for
47:58you to be able to get results . In case
48:00you have any questions , send them here
48:02in the comments . A compliment , too .
48:04There will be a link here for a waiting
48:06list for you to sign up for my training
48:08when I open the spots . There will be
48:10other supplementary classes here as
48:12well for you to learn . Subscribe to the
48:15channel , like this video if it really
48:17helped you , and I’ll see you in the
48:18next class . M.