Full transcript
0:17Children learn by doing, by building, by
0:22creating.
0:29Those of us who dream big can carry that
0:32joy of creativity all through our lives.
0:39Bectal is proud to present
0:43Dream Big.
1:08Okay. 225 decimal 1 64 decimal 18 02
1:30[Music]
1:38Heat. Heat.
2:22[Music]
2:35We never really saw our world
2:38until they showed it to us.
2:45Through the power of imagination,
2:48they astonish us.
2:52They're called
2:54engineers.
2:56[Music]
3:02With each life-changing creation, like
3:04the International Space Station,
3:06engineers enhance the human experience.
3:11They build civilizations.
3:12[Music]
3:19[Music]
3:26Every bridge, every building grows from
3:30an engineer's imagination.
3:32[Music]
3:42There are now 7 billion of us.
3:46And by 2045, there will be two billion
3:49more.
3:54Where will we all live?
3:57Will we have enough clean energy?
4:03The boldest solutions
4:06start with the biggest dreams.
4:10[Music]
4:26[Music]
4:48[Music]
5:05[Music]
5:11Menor Pelivan grew up in Turkey.
5:17I was a girly girl.
5:21I was a lead in the school place. I
5:23actually wanted to be an actress
5:25[Music]
5:29until I was 13 when everything changed.
5:40We'd lived in a high-rise building. I
5:42remember my mother waking me up,
5:45terrified that the building would come
5:48down.
5:52I remember watching the people
5:54suffering.
5:58From that moment on, I knew what I
6:01wanted to do.
6:03[Music]
6:06Today, I'm a professional engineer in
6:08Seattle, hoping to make structures safer
6:11during earthquakes.
6:14[Music]
6:18I love my job and I want kids to be
6:20excited about engineering as much as I
6:23am. So, are you ready for the
6:24earthquake?
6:26Yeah. Three, two, one. Let's start slow.
6:33Which one is
6:38to design safer buildings? We study how
6:41soil moves during an earthquake.
6:45The engineers test building prototypes
6:49on the big shake table.
7:00To learn more, Mensor studied countries
7:03like Nepal where earthquakes can be
7:05severe.
7:10Nepal is a very poor country.
7:14where most of the houses were built
7:16without any engineering design
7:20[Music]
7:25[Music]
7:35stone houses. Is there an accident
7:37waiting to happen?
7:42In 2015, a massive earthquake struck
7:45Nepal.
8:038,000 lost their lives.
8:06[Music]
8:07But some survived,
8:11including the miracle baby.
8:14Buried in the rubble for 22 hours.
8:19[Music]
8:22To do her part, Mensor took time off
8:24from work and flew to Nepal to join a
8:28team of factf finding engineers.
8:32We collect data on ground failures
8:34before the evidence washes away.
8:37We need to work fast.
8:42Namaste. Babu. Namaste.
8:46Namaste. Namaste.
8:48Different types of soils act
8:50differently. Some soils act like a
8:53jello. Others act like a liquid and lose
8:57all their strength.
9:02Farmers led us to a field where carrots
9:04popped out of the ground.
9:07A clue that this soil acted like a
9:10liquid during the earthquake.
9:14That's what we call liquefaction.
9:20I remember when I was 13. I know what
9:23these kids are going through.
9:31The emotional after shock of an
9:33earthquake can last for years.
9:39This is why I became an engineer.
9:43[Music]
9:47After leaving Nepal, Mensor went to San
9:51Francisco.
9:53Here engineers had a unique challenge.
9:57Designing the city's tallest skyscraper
9:59at a site prone to liquefaction,
10:03the engineers solved it from the ground
10:07up.
10:12[Music]
10:21Mensor's team tours the site where the
10:24engineers sunk massive concrete columns
10:27all the way down to bedrock to resist
10:30earthquakes.
10:35Keeping people safe has always been the
10:38heart and soul of engineering.
10:42[Music]
10:57The first emperor of China faced a
10:59problem.
11:02Mongol warriors were invading from the
11:04north.
11:07So, the emperor's engineers began
11:09building something that would preserve
11:11their civilization for almost 2,000
11:14years.
11:26The Great Wall grew to be 13,000 m long.
11:33The largest structure ever built by
11:35humans.
11:39After centuries of erosion and
11:41earthquakes, much of the wall survives.
11:49Steve Burroughs, an engineer from
11:51England, has come to investigate.
11:55It's really tough to study the wall when
11:57it stands there right on a knife edge on
11:59the top of a mountain. But we have our
12:01ways.
12:06[Music]
12:09This is Liar,
12:11the laser imaging device.
12:19[Music]
12:23The LAR showed that the most precisely
12:26built parts are standing well today.
12:32However, miles away, badly built
12:34sections of the wall are also still
12:36standing. Why?
12:42500 years ago, the builders added a
12:44secret ingredient to their mortar.
12:50It's sticky rice.
12:56Adding sticky rice and lime to the
12:58mortar, it makes the mortar more elastic
13:01cuz it allows the wall to stretch and
13:03contract depending on the temperature.
13:06[Music]
13:10Sometimes the best solution is the
13:13simplest,
13:14the one staring up at you from your
13:17dinner plate.
13:24In western China,
13:27across the highest bridges on Earth,
13:30people are moving from farms to cities.
13:36Shanghai is now the most populous city
13:38in the world.
13:4124 million people.
13:46But there's a problem.
13:49No more space to build.
13:53Where can they all live?
13:57[Music]
14:02[Music]
14:04Engineers squeezed an entire urban
14:07district into one city block by going
14:10vertical.
14:15They envisioned China's tallest
14:17building, the Shanghai Tower, rising 128
14:22floors high with space for 16,000
14:26people.
14:29But the taller the structure, the more
14:32it flirts with mother nature.
14:37Each summer, typhoons blast the city.
14:41The Shanghai Tower would soon become a
14:44huge target,
14:48but the engineers had some tricks up
14:50their sleeve.
14:53[Music]
14:54By twisting the outer skin 120°,
14:59the wind safely glides around the tower.
15:06Here, the problem of population density
15:08has been met.
15:10All thanks to the ingenuity of a twist.
15:18[Music]
15:20Wind is an intriguing challenge for
15:22engineers of all ages.
15:26Mensor makes a game of it.
15:28Okay, this competition will count as 10
15:31points and the tallest skyscraper that
15:34resist the wind will get five extra.
15:36Yay! Excited. All right.
15:43Now remember, planning is important.
15:46Before cutting,
15:48make sure what you're building.
15:53Building these paper skyscrapers. Teach
15:55kids the most important thing.
15:59Engineering is fun. Come on.
16:01[Music]
16:10[Music]
16:13In 1940, the newly opened Tacoma's
16:17Bridge near Seattle
16:20earned the nickname Galloping Gertie.
16:23[Music]
16:32A moderate wind gusting to 40 m an hour
16:35made the bridge bounce,
16:39resulting in collapse.
16:42[Music]
16:44Fortunately, no one was killed.
16:50Engineers learn from catastrophes.
16:55New insights about the impact of wind on
16:57suspension bridges have led to better
16:59designs.
17:01Near Mensor's home in Seattle, two safer
17:03bridges have replaced Galloping Gertie.
17:09A large bridge can connect people.
17:13And so can a small one.
17:18After graduating from college, a young
17:21bridge engineer had a choice to make.
17:24accept a high-paying job or follow her
17:27heart.
17:31Today, Avery Bang leads a team of
17:33passionate engineers building foot
17:36bridges in poor countries.
17:39In Haiti, I worked with kids whose
17:41village was isolated.
17:43Just across the river was the only
17:45school. And they could see it. It was
17:48right there, but they just couldn't get
17:50to it.
17:52Over the past decade, 50 people have
17:55drowned trying to cross this river.
18:05A man who grew up by the river, Fritz
18:07Twisson, offered to help.
18:11He had a very personal stake in this
18:13bridge.
18:17Three years ago, when our youngest girl
18:19needed medicine, until they my wife
18:23headed off to the clinic across the
18:26river.
18:30The river was very high that day.
18:37Now I have eight children to raise on my
18:41own.
18:44To get to school, my kids crossed the
18:47river right where their mother drowned.
18:51[Music]
18:59Not until they was everything to them.
19:06They needed a bridge.
21:35where they're needed most.
21:41Similar engineering groups have built
21:43thousands more worldwide.
21:51Every waterway challenges engineers.
21:57For centuries, trains could climb
21:59Scotland's rugged hills.
22:02But boats,
22:06it once took an entire day for a boat to
22:08be raised here, using 11 cumbersome
22:11locks.
22:17But then a team of visionary engineers
22:20reinvented the wheel.
22:23The Fall Kirk wheel.
22:26[Music]
22:34The arm with the heavier boat carries
22:37less water, so the wheel always remains
22:40perfectly balanced.
22:43It uses just a wee bit of electricity.
22:48[Music]
22:51[Applause]
22:54[Music]
22:55I'm on top of the world. I'm on top of
22:58the world. Waiting on this for a while
23:01now. My dear sister.
23:05I've been waiting to smile. Been holding
23:08for a while. Take me.
23:12This is a child. I'm on top of the
23:15world.
23:22Fallerk is frugal with electricity,
23:25but renewable energy
23:28holds an even brighter future.
23:36From their small town in Mississippi,
23:38these high school students will take the
23:40solar car they built themselves and
23:43compete in the solar challenge.
23:47Some of the kids have never been to the
23:48next county,
23:51much less Australia.
23:56My name is Aj Patel. I'm in the 10th
23:59grade and this is my second year on the
24:00solar car team. I like the hands-on part
24:03where you can actually like drill and
24:05use our brains more and solve problems.
24:09In the Solar Challenge, the world's top
24:12university teams will race 1,600 miles
24:16on solar power alone.
24:19All the cars are kind of strange and
24:21elegant. They're really extreme and
24:24expensive.
24:30All of them except for one.
24:45It's seriously hot inside the car. 120°
24:49F.
24:50[Music]
24:54the chances I'm
24:58not.
25:01[Music]
25:04I got to be strong.
25:08[Music]
25:18Our new lithium batteries aren't holding
25:20a charge.
25:22By tilting the solar panels towards the
25:24sun, we were able to squeeze just a bit
25:26more power out of the batteries.
25:29Just enough to keep going.
25:41[Music]
25:50And we were proud to cross the finish
25:51line, even if we were the last ones.
25:58Solar energy can power a single car
26:02or an entire city.
26:07The world's largest solar facility, the
26:10Ivanp solar electric generating system
26:13reduces CO2 emissions by over 1,000 tons
26:18every day.
26:22Hundreds of thousands of mirrors slowly
26:25pivot to keep the hot spot focused on
26:28the boiler at the top.
26:35Water inside turns to steam and drives
26:38turbines which produce electricity for
26:40our cities like Phoenix, Arizona.
26:45Where Anhelica Hernandez is an engineer
26:48working on renewable energy.
26:52I feel like I've really got it all. You
26:55know, I have an amazing husband. I have
26:57a super cute baby and a job as an
27:00engineer, which which is one of my
27:01dreams. But, you know, I didn't start
27:04out that way.
27:07I grew up on the poor side of town.
27:12My mom worked really, really hard just
27:14to get by.
27:17[Music]
27:20Then I went to Carl Hayden High School
27:22where I met an amazing inspiring teacher
27:26who changed my life. Freddy Levarti.
27:31So you see one way you can solve this.
27:33You could stop your catapult.
27:35I joined his after school robotics class
27:38and the problems weren't easy to solve,
27:41but Freddy always knew how to make it
27:43fun.
27:44Leave you at a higher trajectory.
27:47You're doing a good job.
27:51All right.
27:51The kids are just having so much fun.
27:53They were learning so much. They didn't
27:54even realized that they were learning.
27:56And that was the best part.
28:00Awesome.
28:02They heard about a national underwater
28:04robotics competition in Santa Barbara,
28:06California, and on a whim
28:11decided to enter.
28:12Heads up.
28:14We didn't have much funding, but if you
28:16can't be expensive,
28:18be clever. So, we used cheap landscaping
28:21pipes.
28:23In robotics club, Bray taught us a
28:25system to find the problems, come up
28:27with different solutions, and pick the
28:30best one.
28:32[Music]
28:34But the one problem we couldn't solve
28:36was the smell of the pipe glow.
28:40It just stunk.
28:43So, we named our robot
28:45Stinky.
28:50Working. Yeah.
28:51Stinky was a bunch of pipe with a little
28:54bit of CPU
28:56and a whole lot of cables.
28:59[Music]
29:036 months and $800 later, Stinky was
29:07ready to go.
29:09Hey guys, let's uh hurry up and get
29:11Stinky in here.
29:12Sadly, Anhelica had work commitments and
29:15had to miss the trip.
29:17I was really disappointed, but you know,
29:19I said my goodbyes and off they went.
29:23[Music]
29:30on the corner.
29:34I wasn't expecting
29:37but who am I to tell where it's supposed
29:40to go with it? Don't you think you might
29:43miss it? See, we got a right to just
29:45love it or leave it. Find it. I keep it.
29:47Cuz every day you get the chance to say,
29:52[Music]
30:00the team arrived in Santa Barbara the
30:02day before the competition.
30:07Some of the best engineering programs in
30:09the country compete, like MIT, the
30:12champs from the year before.
30:17We're going with a mindset that we were
30:19going mainly as observers
30:22and if we beat just one college that
30:24would be phenomenal
30:31when we arrived there. I mean we look
30:32like the carnival had arrived.
30:35[Music]
30:42Just a raggedy robot. Looked like we
30:44just pieced together everything from a
30:46junkyard.
30:50That's MIT.
30:53The other robots were like pieces of
30:55underwater jewelry.
30:57[Music]
30:59Yeah.
31:01They were chrome.
31:02I'm going to start turning.
31:03They were stainless steel.
31:05They were manufactured plastic.
31:07Keep turning Starbucks on this one.
31:10Yes.
31:12These high school kids wanted to quickly
31:14test Stinky before anyone noticed him.
31:18[Music]
31:39the robot was going left when they
31:41wanted to go right, wouldn't go up when
31:42they wanted to go up.
31:51We had to figure out what was going on.
31:58Freddy has always told his students,
32:00"When you get in a jam, start asking
32:04smart questions."
32:08We had a small leak, but no clue where
32:12it was.
32:14If we can't find the leak, what can we
32:17do?
32:21And then Lorenzo asked everybody,
32:23"Aren't tampons really absorbent?"
32:28This was a do or die kind of situation.
32:31I got them.
32:37It wasn't about building a robot. It was
32:39about learning how to learn for
32:41yourself.
32:45The boys arrived at the competition
32:48exhausted.
32:49without a chance to test Stinky.
32:53Let's
32:53go, guys.
32:55Do it.
32:56We had no idea if the solution would
32:58work.
33:16Thanks to a wild idea, Stinky was
33:19working again.
33:22[Music]
33:24The boys had 30 minutes to complete 10
33:26tasks.
33:28[Music]
33:31The college teams had a laser to measure
33:34distances.
33:37Carl Hayden couldn't afford one.
33:42They used a tape measure instead.
33:47[Music]
33:57The hardest task was to sample the fluid
34:00from a barrel
34:02with a tube.
34:05Most of the teams didn't even attempt
34:07it.
34:10When we went straight to it, it just
34:12just fell into it like it was meant to
34:14be or something.
34:19[Music]
34:26At the awards banquet, they heard
34:28something that surprised everyone. And
34:31second place goes to
34:35Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
34:40[Applause]
34:43MIT got second place.
34:50I was thinking, who's first?
34:53Oh man, who's who beat MIT? This is This
34:56is going to be awesome.
35:00First place goes to Carl Hayden High
35:04School from Phoenix, Arizona.
35:08[Music]
35:13It was almost disbelief.
35:17Is this a dream or is this for real?
35:21[Music]
35:26I don't remember walking to the stage
35:29because you know I was just floating I
35:30think
35:42what started out as a crazy idea turned
35:45into something so much more.
35:49Today, that high school robotics club
35:52has grown exponentially,
35:55largely thanks to Freddy.
35:58Um, we're not going to be a long time.
36:00Knowing that somebody believes in you,
36:04even though you don't believe in
36:05yourself,
36:07even though you doubt that you could do
36:09something. Um, I think, you know, if you
36:12could find that in somebody, it's just
36:15it's a blessing.
36:18It was because of him that Anhelica went
36:20to Stanford.
36:24Now my husband Juan and I are both
36:26engineers in Phoenix.
36:28And I mean, you never know, maybe my
36:32daughter will be one, too.
36:37And any chance I get, I like to help my
36:40favorite teacher inspire future
36:42engineers.
36:43The same thing with this one. It's not
36:45doing it because it's a triangle. It's
36:47very solid. It doesn't change shape.
36:49So, now we want you to come up with
36:51different ways to make the bridge
36:53stronger. So, you see the truck in front
36:55of you so it can make it across the
36:57bridge. You guys want to try that?
36:59Yeah.
37:00Let's do it.
37:02Well, I think they need to try to have
37:04more triangles.
37:05There's barely any support going along
37:08the bottom.
37:10Yeah, I think they should have put a
37:11sign and say no trucks allowed.
37:15The screw is not stable period because
37:17it fell apart the whole bridge.
37:19It's not stable at all. We have to find
37:22ourselves about what it cost.
37:25Yeah, but how about we cross that bridge
37:27when we come to it because I think
37:29young minds find new paths. It was not
37:33physics alone that led to the Miyo
37:35Bridge in France. It was art. That one
37:40over there, right? And what are the
37:42triangles for? Why are they using
37:44young minds will shape the future?
37:49Stability, right?
37:50Yeah.
38:06[Music]
38:13[Music]
38:19[Music]
38:27Some young engineers have a bold dream
38:29to revolutionize transportation.
38:32It's called Hyperloop.
38:35If they succeed, they'll allow us to
38:38travel 700 miles per hour.
38:49That's from LA to San Francisco in 30
38:52minutes.
38:54[Music]
38:57By the end of the century, 90% of us
39:00will live in cities. An exciting
39:02challenge for engineers.
39:13[Music]
39:20The bigger cities get, the smarter
39:23they'll need to become.
39:26This new transportation hub in San
39:29Francisco will feature a network of
39:31wireless sensors.
39:34This will make it safer, more energy
39:36efficient, and smarter.
39:46[Music]
39:51The more urban we become, the more we
39:54need trees, gardens, and places to play.
39:58[Music]
40:02The word engineer means ingenious.