Full transcript
0:01hello everyone and welcome back to my
0:03channel
0:03study with muntas and here we are going
0:06to learn something new
0:08but before that i just want to tell you
0:10something about me so let's start
0:12today's video by knowing me so this is
0:15something about
0:16me that my name is mumta sephi i am a
0:192019 physics honors graduate student
0:23and i have done dlit from jamie miller
0:26in 2016 and with that i
0:30have eight years of teaching experience
0:33so now you all know me so let's start
0:35with today's topic so i'm going to tell
0:37you
0:37something about an online platform which
0:40is called as
0:41scratch yes so today we are going to do
0:44the introduction of the scratch that
0:46what
0:46is actually scratch and what are the
0:49components
0:50how you can use this online platform
0:53basically you can call it as online
0:55program or online software so let's see
0:57what
0:58we have in scratch so first
1:01by before starting any topic we should
1:03know about that
1:04before going further we should know
1:06about the thing about the platform what
1:08is it actually so scratch what is a
1:12scratch
1:12scratch is a free programmable toolkit
1:16that enables kids
1:17to create their own games animated
1:19stories
1:20and interactive art and share their
1:22creations with one another
1:24over the internet so what people can do
1:26what students can do
1:28like they can make their own game on
1:30scratch scratch is
1:32free programmable toolkit or you can say
1:34it's a free
1:35online software which gives the
1:38opportunity to
1:39the students to the person whosoever
1:42wants to make game
1:43who also wants to create a stories
1:45animated stories there are lot many
1:47things the person can explore over here
1:50and can make their own games by doing
1:53coding
1:54and they can also share it so that's
1:57really nice that
1:58we are learning something and we can
1:59also share that
2:01and with this i would like to you
2:04to tell that you can open scratch by
2:08writing this website https
2:12scratch.mit.edu you can type this
2:14website
2:15let me just open it for you so that you
2:17can have a look how to
2:18go to the scratch and how to open it so
2:21yeah
2:22so you have to open google and here you
2:24have to write www.scratch.mit.edu
2:31so this will come like this you have to
2:33enter and you have to click on the force
2:36link which is coming and it will open up
2:38like this
2:39so it has create explore ideas about you
2:41can search also now here's the option of
2:44joining scratch
2:45you can also make a account on your on
2:47the scratch by opening it what you have
2:49to do you just have to click on that
2:51you have to write a username then you
2:53have to create a password
2:55once you are done with this they will
2:57ask you your like
2:58your personal details when you are born
3:00in which country do you stay
3:02and at the end they will ask you for the
3:04email so
3:06try to get the email which is in use
3:08because they will ask for the
3:09confirmation
3:10of the account once you confirm that
3:13account from the gmail then you can
3:15login it and
3:16you can share the project if you not
3:19confirm your scratch
3:20scratch account then you are not able to
3:22share your project so it is important to
3:24confirm your scratch account so do use
3:26the mail
3:27which you know the password and you can
3:29confirm it
3:31then after joining a scratch you can
3:33just go to sign in
3:34you can write the username and you can
3:36write the password which you have made
3:38for your account
3:39and then after that you can click on
3:41create
3:42so when you click on create there are
3:44lot many options which will be available
3:46for you
3:48so i'm going to explain about each
3:51components of
3:52scratch as you all know what is a
3:53scratch now
3:55so now we can tell that it has divided
3:59it is divided into three parts like this
4:01is the right hand side this is the
4:02middle part and this is the left hand
4:04side
4:05and you can see there's so many things
4:06there are scripts there's a cat
4:08and there's this panel so we are going
4:10to study each and every component one by
4:13one
4:13so that you can have a better
4:15understanding of the scratch
4:17online software so as you have seen that
4:20i
4:20opened it and there is already a cache
4:24here
4:24so this is a default character which is
4:26already present in there
4:28and you can delete it also there are lot
4:30many things you can do
4:31so just let me uh get back to my
4:34presentation so that i can explain you
4:36about each and
4:37each and every component and then we'll
4:40work according to that
4:42look like this as you have seen in the
4:44website also
4:45it will look like this so this cat is
4:48the main character from here you can do
4:51full screen from here you can change
4:53backdrop this is your sprite
4:55whatever your program will run in this
4:57area
4:58you can add a sprite from here you can
5:00choose a backdrop from here these are
5:02extension blocks these are code which
5:04you have to drag
5:06these are the left hand side select
5:08block switch view project name
5:10save language anything you can do from
5:12here so let's study about each
5:14component one by one what is a sprite
5:18so you can say that sprite is the main
5:21character
5:22what you can say sprite is the main
5:24character
5:26sprite is the main character or an
5:29object in the scratch that performs
5:32actions so whatever the action you want
5:34to give to your project like you want to
5:36move the sprite you want to go
5:38right left up down any action any action
5:40you want
5:41from your program to do is done by
5:44sprite
5:45so sprite you can say is the main
5:46character which actually runs your
5:48program
5:50right so you can do this from here for
5:52changing the sprite
5:54and then what we have next the stage
5:56area so you have seen that the stage
5:58area in white
5:59background in white house which is
6:02behind the sprite so that stage area is
6:04where we can see our
6:06code come to life that means whatever
6:08the code whatever the program you are
6:10writing for your game
6:12so action will be performed in the stage
6:14area it
6:15is the working area for the sprite
6:17whatever the actual sprite is going to
6:19perform that will
6:20be within that area only sprite can move
6:23on the actions given by us in the stage
6:26area only so this is the stage area
6:28from this area in this area only star
6:32this sprite can work move rotate
6:34whatever it is whatever the program it
6:36is whatever the code it is
6:38so now i think these two things are
6:39clear that what is the sprite this is
6:41flight is going to perform
6:43every action which you have given in the
6:44code and where it will run it will run
6:47in this area only which is called as
6:50stage area
6:51okay now what is this you will have seen
6:54that after the stage and the sprite
6:56there was a panel over there
6:57so what is it it is exactly the
7:00information
7:01about the sprite like what is the sprite
7:05this is sure this is high do you want to
7:06show the sprite or do you want to hide
7:08this sprite this is size
7:10so if we feel like the size of the
7:12sprite is big so we can decrease it if
7:14you feel like the
7:15size of the sprite is a small so you can
7:17increase it you can give the directions
7:19as well i'm going
7:20i will go back to the platform then
7:22we'll explain you in detail about the
7:25structures
7:26that is x and y we are going to study
7:28this also so
7:29this is called a sprite information
7:31panel why we call it as a sprite
7:34information panel because it is giving
7:36each and every information related to
7:38the stride that
7:39where is sprite on the stage is it
7:42visible or is it hidden
7:44what is the size what is the direction
7:46and what is the name of the sprite
7:47for the cat it is written as sprite one
7:49because this is the default character
7:51that whenever you open the scratch it
7:53will always be there
7:54okay so now let's just study about the
7:57information the sprite information pane
7:59or you can say panel is where we can
8:02find information about our sprites
8:04as well as manipulate them what does
8:07this mean manipulate them because you
8:08can change
8:10the information you can increase the
8:12size you can change the direction you
8:13can rename it
8:15yeah so access this pane by clicking on
8:18the
8:18thumbnail of the desired sprite so
8:22to whose ever to whosoever sprite you
8:25want to change the information so you
8:27have to click on that sprite that's you
8:29can see the sprite is including
8:31that means it is already chosen so if
8:34there are any other sprites so you have
8:35to click on that to change
8:38any information this area allows us to
8:41delete
8:42and create sprites so there's a
8:45cross mark you can see here by this way
8:47we can delete the sprite
8:49let's move forward so we have covered
8:51three things here what is a sprite what
8:54is a stage area and what is a sprite
8:56information panel
8:57okay what we have next the script area
9:01as i have already told you that the
9:03scratch is divided into three parts the
9:05right side
9:07the middle part and the left side so now
9:09we are coming towards the middle part
9:12which is a script area script area is
9:15where you drag and drop
9:16all your scripts whatever the codes
9:18whatever the commands and actions you
9:20are giving to your
9:22sprite you have to drag each and every
9:24code in the script area so this is the
9:26working
9:27area the program which is going to run
9:30for the sprite for the background for
9:32the straight it has to be
9:34dragged over here in the script area
9:37okay so
9:38middle part is really very easy it is
9:40not a difficult one
9:41okay let's move forward for the next one
9:44the left hand side of
9:45scratch is divided into three parts you
9:48can see it has code
9:50which contain all the blocks that are
9:53actually necessary to make your
9:55program drawn then we have costumes here
9:58and then we have sound so if you want to
10:00add sound force you have to go there to
10:02add sound then we can
10:04change the costume or can delete or can
10:07add many
10:08okay let's study each code by one by one
10:11so when you go to the code area
10:13it has motion block looks sound events
10:16control sensing operators variables and
10:19my blocks
10:20so the code area is the area on the left
10:22side of the project
10:24editor where scripts are assembled
10:27all the scripts are there code area has
10:30all the blogs that is required to give
10:32commands to the sprites
10:34and backdrops so we have two things on
10:37the right hand side one is
10:38sprite and one is backdrop which is in
10:41the state area
10:42so whatever the commands has to be given
10:44has to be given on
10:46in these two that is on the sprite and
10:49one on the backdrop
10:51so whatever the command you want to give
10:52you have to look for the
10:54code area and you have to search for the
10:56block like you want to add sound and go
10:59to sound
11:00if you want to create events are
11:01important study about events what are
11:03those
11:04then if you want to give a motion you
11:06have to go to the motion block if you
11:08want to add sound go to sound and
11:09sensing
11:10will study about each and every code one
11:12by one so i think code area is clear
11:15here
11:16what is costume c here the costume i
11:18have chosen there is a boy so we can add
11:21costume from this
11:22cat icon so the costume tab helps
11:25price to change their look to any of its
11:27costume like
11:28this is moving like this you can make it
11:30standing you can make it jumping so many
11:32costumes
11:33you can make the name can be edited yeah
11:36costume is written
11:37to remove pj it is there so you can also
11:39rename it you can edit it you can delete
11:42it
11:42but every sprite must have at least one
11:46costume one of the most common uses of
11:48costume is to make an animation for a
11:50game or
11:50other project so that it can switch the
11:53wash when it moves
11:54it looks like it is running right so
11:57at least there should be one costume so
11:59that it is present there but
12:01you can have more than one but having
12:03one is the composite condition
12:06so costumes are clear here now see what
12:08the sound panel
12:10so sound panel gives a gives us access
12:13to add sounds
12:14in our games it allows us to create and
12:17manipulate sound we can even record
12:19of our own so this by this going to the
12:22sound panel you can add sounds to your
12:24game and you can make it
12:25really very interesting
12:29so now as you know about all the
12:31components let's just study them
12:33in the scratch so as i have told you
12:35this cat is the main character which is
12:37called
12:38a sprite you can delete this sprite from
12:40here and you can go to choose a sprite
12:42there are emperor of examples
12:44you can select any there are categories
12:47like in all it will
12:48visible it will show everyone then we
12:51have animals people
12:53fantasy dance music lot many categories
12:55are here so you can choose any of the
12:57sprites suppose if i choose this giga
12:59stripes
13:00so it will be come up like this on the
13:02stage and as i've already told you this
13:05way
13:05this area is a walking area for the
13:07sprite sprite is going to perform
13:09each and every action in this stage area
13:12only
13:12and we can give the background we can
13:15give the backdrop to the stage so you
13:17just have to go to the backdrop like
13:19this there
13:19are examples and you can choose any just
13:22suppose if i choose this one you can
13:24drag the script
13:25down like this so now
13:28as you have seen that the sprite is giga
13:30this will show this is hide
13:32and this will hide the sprite and
13:35this is size so you can also increase it
13:38let's make it 150 and check
13:40and click anywhere on the screen so it
13:41is big now
13:43like way you can change the size
13:45direction
13:46so that means in which direction you
13:48want your sprite to be
13:50like you want it in the right direction
13:52or in between the right or
13:53adjust the straight one or you want it
13:56to in the left hour you want it to show
13:58it up
13:59so that's how you can change the
14:01direction of the sprite if you want to
14:03and you can if you don't want you can
14:05also write the number if you are not
14:07able to figure it out properly
14:08i'm just making the 90 the right side so
14:11it will be like this
14:13so these four things are clear direction
14:16size
14:16shows right now what is this x and y
14:18some people must be knowing
14:20it that what is x coordinate and what is
14:22y coordinate but few of the like
14:24students from grade one to three they
14:26are not aware of these things
14:28for so for them i'm just telling what
14:30are what
14:31is x and y actually so x and y
14:35are the coordinates basically if you
14:37want to locate the sprite if you want to
14:39set the position of the sprite or
14:41whatever it be so you need to look for x
14:44and y
14:45x and y tells you the position of the
14:47sprite on the stage
14:48so and if you want to move your sprite
14:51for say
14:52right to left so you have to go right to
14:54left is this orange line the sleeping
14:56line or you can see the horizontal line
14:58which is called as
15:00x line and the whole length of the stage
15:02for x line is minus 240 to 240
15:06now what is this 200 plus and minus 240
15:10so if the sprite from the center which
15:13is the origin is going towards
15:15right side it is plus x and if it is
15:17going towards left then it is minus x
15:20in the same way if the from the center
15:22it is going up then it is plus y and if
15:24it is going down it is
15:26minus y and the whole length of the y
15:29line on the stage is from 180 to minus
15:32180
15:34now let's just reduce the size is
15:36looking really very big so let's just
15:38make it 50.
15:40so now the giga is here the gigas right
15:42is here
15:43now suppose if i place giga here now you
15:46can see the value of x
15:47line is 140 and y is minus
15:501 0 1 if i keep it here again
15:54the value will change in x and y x is 94
15:57and y is 87
15:58so that means what is happening whenever
16:01we are keeping in
16:02our sprite on the stage to whatever
16:04place it is getting updated in
16:07this panel because this is what this is
16:09the sprite
16:10information panel so it is going to give
16:12you the exact location of the sprite
16:15on the stage okay and whatever the
16:18location is
16:19so you can set the sprite where you want
16:22and it will be updated in the code area
16:24as well
16:25so i think now you know so as you
16:26already know that how to delete the
16:28sprite you have to just click on this
16:30button and you have to choose a sprite
16:32from here
16:33now the backdrop is here how to delete
16:35the backdrop so for this there is no
16:36delete button
16:38so what you have to do you have to click
16:40on stage when you click a stage it
16:42on the code area it will give you a
16:44backdrop option
16:45so we'll go to backdrop and we'll delete
16:48the
16:49one which we do not need and we can
16:52delete it like this and then we can come
16:54back to code area
16:56so it is when you are selecting a stage
16:58it gives you the option to
17:00do coding for the backdrops and if you
17:02select the sprite it will give you
17:04options to do coding for the
17:06sprite so now it becomes code costume
17:09sound
17:10and for stage it was code backgrounds
17:13backdrops and sounds i'm going to do
17:16with kuiga
17:17giga sprite the costumes are here so
17:21these are the costumes which are
17:22available for giga so the first one is
17:25this
17:25normal smile the second one is actually
17:28really happy and smiling very much happy
17:31and excited
17:32and this one is the angry one or you can
17:34see yeah it's looking angry one
17:37so these are the four costumes available
17:39you can add more costume by clicking on
17:41it
17:42and then you can go to sound to add
17:44sounds there are lot many examples the
17:46way we choose a sprite the way we choose
17:48backdrop
17:49in the same way we can choose a sound
17:51for the game
17:52there are lot many sounds available as
17:54we have a sprite and backdrop option
17:56in the same way we have sound option as
17:58well and whatever you choose it will
18:01add it here okay now costume is clear
18:04sound is clear now what is cool now
18:06quotes are important
18:08suppose what do you mean by motion
18:10motion means movement so any movement
18:12you want to give to your sprite you have
18:14to search in the
18:16motion block and you have to drag the
18:19codes to the script area as i've already
18:21told you that this
18:23mid part this middle part is the script
18:25area where
18:26all the scripting has to be done and you
18:29can drag the codes like this
18:31to join them and to make the program run
18:34and suppose see if a teacher asks you to
18:37write something do you write in the
18:38space area available
18:40in the same way we have to write this
18:42code in this script area
18:44and suppose if you write anything by
18:46mistaken you put any wrong block
18:48or you want to delete any block in the
18:50notebook what we do we erase it in the
18:52same way we can delete it from here
18:54either you can drag the block
18:56like this and you can just delete it or
18:58if you don't want to do this option you
19:00can drag it back to the code area
19:02so by this way the code will be deleted
19:05and now
19:06very important thing now suppose i want
19:08to remove this mid block
19:10tone for about 15 degrees so how to
19:14make it move so because if i move it
19:16then it is not going to
19:18if i drag it from the top it will come
19:20up together so whenever you want to
19:21separate the block
19:22always drag from the bottom like this
19:25otherwise it will come up together
19:27suppose i want to remove this mid block
19:29so i have to drag it like this then i
19:31have to again separate it like this
19:34and then i can drag it and then join it
19:36back
19:37so this was the important one because
19:39because people forget that yes
19:41we have to drag from the top if you want
19:43to delete a block so you have to always
19:45separate the blocks from the bottom and
19:47then you can
19:48drag it back if you want to delete all
19:50of them
19:51now looks are what are the looks you
19:54want to give to your
19:55code you you water through the sprite
19:59if you want to add sound go to sound now
20:01events are important events are like
20:03actions which causes something to happen
20:06suppose there's an even called when
20:08green flag clicked
20:09so this is green flag so something is
20:11going to happen when green flag is
20:13clicked
20:14and what will happen whatever the quotes
20:15you put below it
20:17suppose if i go to motion i want my giga
20:20to move 10 steps so i have to put this
20:22code here
20:24and then giga will move 10 steps like
20:26this
20:28so it is how it is going that way
20:32so now the direction is 105 that's why
20:34it is going in this direction if i make
20:36it 90 let's see
20:37if will it go straight to right or not
20:40so i have set it to 90 now i'm pressing
20:41the green flag now it is going straight
20:44so what does this when green flag click
20:46this is an even this is an action which
20:48causing something to happen what is
20:50happening whatever is placed below the
20:52event
20:53so we can drag it back like this not
20:55only green flag we have lot many options
20:57even like something will happen when you
20:59press the space key
21:00or when you press this is sprite or when
21:02backdrop switches so a lot many options
21:04are there once you are
21:05used to with the scratch and once you
21:07have start uh
21:08started working on it then you will be
21:10aware of each and every code and
21:13the function of it then let's go to
21:15control
21:16control have lot many things like you
21:18want to wait for one second
21:20or you want to repeat the step or you
21:22want to move forever
21:23there's if then condition loop like you
21:26can take it and you can give a condition
21:28inside it that if this is like
21:30this then what should happen so by this
21:32way it is going to work so this is all
21:34code area which will actually run your
21:36program
21:37and that's all about scratch i hope that
21:39today's video
21:41is useful for you all and i just really
21:43hope that
21:44it helps other person whosoever works on
21:47scratch and want to make
21:48games and help the student if you do
21:50like the video please subscribe the
21:52channel
21:52and press the bell icon to get the
21:55latest updates
21:56of my video and please keep subscribing
21:59keep supporting and keep loving
22:00i'll see you in the next video till then
22:02take care have a nice day stay blessed
22:04stay healthy bye bye